THE TESTAMENTS OF
THE TWELVE PATRIARCHS
From The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament
by R. H. Charles, vol. II, Oxford Press
THE TESTAMENT OF
REUBEN, THE FIRST-BORN SON OF JACOB AND LEAH
1 1 The copy of the Testament of Reuben, even the commands
which he gave his sons before he 2 died in the hundred and twenty-fifth year of
his life. Two years after the death of Joseph his 3 brother, when Reuben fell
ill, his sons and his sons' sons were gathered together to visit him. And 4 he
said to them: My children, behold I am dying, and go the way of my fathers. And
seeing there Judah, and Gad, and Asher, his brethren, he said to them: Raise me
up, that I may tell to my brethren and to my children what things I have hidden
in my heart, for behold now at length 5 I am passing away. And he arose and
kissed them, and said unto them: Hear, my brethren, and 6 do ye, my children,
give ear to Reuben your father in the commands which I give unto you. And
behold I call to witness against you this day the God of heaven, that ye walk
not in the sins of 7 youth and fornication, wherein I was poured out, and
defiled the bed of my father Jacob. And I tell you that he smote me with a sore
plague in my loins for seven months; and had not my father 8 Jacob prayed for
me to the Lord, the Lord would have destroyed me. For I was thirty years old 9
when I wrought the evil thing before the Lord, and for seven months I was sick
unto death. And 10 after this I repented with set purpose of my soul for seven
years before the Lord. And wine and strong drink I drank not, and flesh entered
not into my mouth, and I eat no pleasant food; but I mourned over my sin, for
it was great, such as had not been in Israel.
2 1 And now hear me, my children, what things I saw
concerning the seven spirits of deceit, when 2 I repented. Seven spirits
therefore are appointed against man, and they are the leaders in the works 3 of
youth. [And seven other spirits are given to him at his creation, that through
them should be 4 done every work of man. The first is the spirit of life, with
which the constitution (of man) is 5 created. The second is the sense of sight,
with which ariseth desire. The third is the sense of hearing, with which cometh
teaching. The fourth is the sense of smell, with which tastes are given 6, 7 to
draw air and breath. The fifth is the power of speech, with which cometh
knowledge. The sixth is the sense of taste, with which cometh the eating of
meats and drinks; and by it strength is 8 produced, for in food is the
foundation of strength. The seventh is the power of procreation and 9 sexual
intercourse, with which through love of pleasure sins enter in. Wherefore it is
the last in order of creation, and the first in that of youth, because it is
filled with ignorance, and leadeth the youth as a blind man to a pit, and as a
beast to a precipice.
3 1 Besides all these there is an eighth spirit of sleep,
with which is brought about the trance of 2 3 nature and the image of death.
With these spirits are mingled the spirits of error.] First, the spirit of
fornication is seated in the nature and in the senses; the second, the spirit
of insatiableness, 4 in the belly; the third, the spirit of fighting, in the
liver and gall. The fourth is the spirit of 5 obsequiousness and chicanery,
that through officious attention one may be fair in seeming. The fifth is the
spirit of pride, that one may be boastful and arrogant. The sixth is the spirit
of lying, 6 in perdition and jealousy to practise deceits, and concealments
from kindred and friends. The seventh is the spirit of injustice, with which
are thefts and acts of rapacity, that a man may fulfill the desire of his
heart; for injustice worketh together with the other spirits by the taking of
gifts. 7, 8 And with all these the spirit of sleep is joined which is (that) of
error and fantasy.] And so perisheth every young man, darkening his mind from
the truth, and not understanding the law of 9 God, nor obeying the admonitions
of his fathers as befell me also in my youth. And now, my children, love the
truth, and it will preserve you: hear ye the words of Reuben your father. 10
Pay no heed to the face of a woman, Nor associate with another man's wife, Nor
meddle with affairs of womankind. 11 For had I not seen Bilhah bathing in a
covered place, I had not fallen into this great iniquity. 12 For my mind taking
in the thought of the woman's nakedness, suffered me not to sleep until I had
13 wrought the abominable thing. For while Jacob our father had gone to Isaac
his father, when we were in Eder, near to Ephrath in Bethlehem, Bilhah became
drunk and was asleep uncovered in her 14 chamber. Having therefore gone in and
beheld nakedness, I wrought the impiety without her 15 perceiving it, and
leaving her sleeping I departed. And forthwith an angel of God revealed to my
father concerning my impiety, and he came and mourned over me, and touched her
no more.
4 1 Pay no heed, therefore, my children, to the beauty of
women, nor set your mind on their affairs; but walk in singleness of heart in
the fear of the Lord, and expend labour on good works, and on study and on your
flocks, until the Lord give you a wife, whom He will, that ye suffer not as I
did. 2 For until my father's death I had not boldness to look in his face, or
to speak to any of my brethren, 3 because of the reproach. Even until now my
conscience causeth me anguish on account of my 4 impiety. And yet my father
comforted me much and prayed for me unto the Lord, that the anger of the Lord
might pass from me, even as the Lord showed. And thenceforth until now I have 5
been on my guard and sinned not. Therefore, my children, I say unto you,
observe all things 6 whatsoever I command you, and ye shall not sin. For a pit
unto the soul is the sin of fornication, separating it from God, and bringing
it near to idols, because it deceiveth the mind and understanding, 7 and
leadeth young men into hades before their time. For many hath fornication
destroyed; because, though a man be old or noble, or rich or poor, he bringeth
reproach upon 8 himself with the sons of men and derision with Beliar. For ye
heard regarding Joseph how he guarded himself from a woman, and purged his
thoughts from all fornication, and found favour in 9 the sight of God and men.
For the Egyptian woman did many things unto him, and summoned 10 magicians, and
offered him love potions, but the purpose of his soul admitted no evil desire.
Therefore 11 the God of your fathers delivered him from every evil (and) hidden
death. For if fornication overcomes not your mind, neither can Beliar overcome
you.
5 1 For evil are women, my children; and since they have no
power or strength over man, they use 2 wiles by outward attractions, that they
may draw him to themselves. And whom they cannot 3 bewitch by outward
attractions, him they overcome by craft. For moreover, concerning them, the
angel of the Lord told me, and taught me, that women are overcome by the spirit
of fornication more than men, and in their heart they plot against men; and by
means of their adornment they deceive first their minds, and by the glance of
the eye instill the poison, and then through the accomplished 4 act they take
them captive. For a woman cannot force a man openly, but by a harlot's 5
bearing she beguiles him. Flee, therefore, fornication, my children, and
command your wives and your daughters, that they adorn not their heads and
faces to deceive the mind: because every woman 6 who useth these wiles hath
been reserved for eternal punishment. For thus they allured the Watchers who
were before the flood; for as these continually beheld them, they lusted after
them, and they conceived the act in their mind; for they changed themselves
into the shape of men, and 7 appeared to them when they were with their
husbands. And the women lusting in their minds after their forms, gave birth to
giants, for the Watchers appeared to them as reaching even unto heaven.
6 1 Beware, therefore, of fornication; and if you wish to be
pure in mind, guard your senses from every 2 woman. And command the women
likewise not to associate with men, that they also may be pure 3 in mind. For
constant meetings, even though the ungodly deed be not wrought, are to them an
4 irremediable disease, and to us a destruction of Beliar and an eternal
reproach. For in fornication 5 there is neither understanding nor godliness,
and all jealousy dwelleth in the lust thereof. Therefore, then I say unto you,
ye will be jealous against the sons of Levi, and will seek to be exalted 6 over
them; but ye shall not be able. For God will avenge them, and ye shall die by
an evil death. 7 For to Levi God gave the sovereignty [and to Judah with him
and to me also, and to Dan and 8 Joseph, that we should be for rulers].
Therefore I command you to hearken to Levi, because he shall know the law of
the Lord, and shall give ordinances for judgement and shall sacrifice for all
Israel until the consummation of the times, as the anointed High Priest, of
whom the Lord spake, 9 I adjure you by the God of heaven to do truth each one
unto his neighbour and to entertain love 10 each one for his brother. And draw
ye near to Levi in humbleness of heart, that ye may receive 11 a blessing from
his mouth. For he shall bless Israel and Judah, because him hath the Lord
chosen to 12 be king over all the nation. And bow down before his seed, for on
our behalf it will die in wars visible and invisible, and will be among you an
eternal king.
7 1, 2 And Reuben died, having given these commands to his
sons. And they placed him in a coffin until they carried him up from Egypt, and
buried him in Hebron in the cave where his father was.
THE TESTAMENT OF
SIMEON, THE SECOND OF JACOB AND LEAH.
1 1 The copy of the words of Simeon, the things which he
spake to his sons before he died, in the 2 hundred and twentieth year of his
life, at which time Joseph, his brother, died. For when Simeon was sick , his
sons came to visit him, and he strengthened himself and sat up and kissed them,
and said:--
2 1 Hearken, my children, to Simeon your father, And I will
declare unto you what things I have in my heart. 2 I was born of Jacob as my
father's second son; And my mother Leah called me Simeon, Because the Lord had
heard her prayer. 3 Moreover, I became strong exceedingly; I shrank from no
achievement, Nor was I afraid of ought. 4 For my heart was hard, And my liver
was immovable, And my bowels without compassion. 5, 6 Because valour also has
been given from the Most High to men in soul and body. For in the time of my
youth I was jealous in many things of Joseph, because my father loved him
beyond 7 all. And I set my mind against him to destroy him, because the prince
of deceit sent forth the spirit of jealousy and blinded my mind, so that I
regarded him not as a brother, nor did I spare even 8 Jacob my father. But his
God and the God of his fathers sent forth His angel, and delivered him 9 out of
my hands. For when I went to Shechem to bring ointment for the flocks, and
Reuben to Dothan, where were our necessaries and all our stores, Judah my
brother sold him to the Ishmaelites. 10 And when Reuben heard these things he
was grieved, for he wished to restore him to his father. 11 But on hearing this
I was exceedingly wroth against Judah in that he let him go away alive, and 12
for five months I continued wrathful against him. But the Lord restrained me,
and withheld from 13 me the power of my hands; for my right hand was half
withered for seven days. And I knew, my children, that because of Joseph this
had befallen me, and I repented and wept; and I besought the Lord God that my
hand might be restored, and that I might hold aloof from all pollution and envy
14 and from all folly. For I knew that I had devised an evil thing before the
Lord and Jacob my father, on account of Joseph my brother, in that I envied
him.
3 1 2 And now, my children, hearken unto me and beware of
the spirit of deceit and envy. For envy ruleth over the whole mind of a man,
and suffereth him neither to eat nor to drink, nor to do any 3 good thing. But
it ever suggesteth (to him) to destroy him that he envieth; and so long as he
that 4 is envied flourisheth, he that envieth fadeth away. Two years therefore
I afflicted my soul with fasting in the fear of the Lord, and I learnt that
deliverance from envy cometh by the fear of God. 5 For if a man flee to the
Lord, the evil spirit runneth away from him, and his mind is lightened. 6 And
henceforward he sympathiseth with him whom he envied and forgiveth those who
are hostile to him, and so ceaseth from his envy.
4 1 And my father asked Concerning me, because he saw that I
was sad; and I said unto him, I am 2 pained in my liver. For I mourned more
than they all, because I was guilty of the selling of Joseph. 3 And when we
went down into Egypt, and he bound me as a spy, I knew that I was suffering
justly, 4 and I grieved not. Now Joseph was a good man, and had the Spirit of
God within him: being compassionate and pitiful, he bore no malice against me;
but loved me even as the rest of his 5 brethren. Beware, therefore, my
children, of all jealousy and envy, and walk in singleness of soul and with
good heart, keeping in mind Joseph your father's brother, that God may give you
also grace and glory, and blessing upon your heads, even as ye saw in 6
Joseph's case. All his days he reproached us not concerning this thing, but
loved us as his own 7 soul, and beyond his own sons glorified us, and gave us
riches, and cattle and fruits. Do ye also, my children, love each one his
brother with a good heart and the spirit of envy will withdraw from 8 you. For
this maketh savage the soul and destroyeth the body; it causeth anger and war
in the mind, and stirreth up unto deeds of blood, and leadeth the mind into
frenzy, and suffereth not prudence to act in men; moreover, it taketh away
sleep, [and causeth tumult to the soul and trembling to the body]. 9 For even
in sleep some malicious jealousy, deluding him, gnaweth and with wicked spirits
disturbeth his soul, and causeth the body to be troubled, and waketh the mind
from sleep in confusion; and as a wicked and poisonous spirit, so appeareth it
to men.
5 1 Therefore was Joseph comely in appearance and goodly to
look upon, because no wickedness 2 dwelt in him; for some of the trouble of the
spirit the face manifesteth. And now, my children, Make your hearts good before
the Lord, And your ways straight before men. And ye shall find grace before the
Lord and men. 3 Beware, therefore, of fornication, For fornication is mother of
all evils, Separating from God, and bringing near to Beliar. 4 For I have seen
it inscribed in the writing of Enoch that your sons shall be corrupted in
fornication, 5 and shall do harm to the sons of Levi with the sword. But they
shall not be able to withstand Levi; 6 for he shall wage the war of the Lord,
and shall conquer all your hosts. And they shall be few in number, divided in
Levi and Judah, and there shall be none of you for sovereignty, even as also
our father prophesied in his blessings.
6 1, 2 Behold I have told you all things, that I may be
acquitted of your sin. Now, if ye remove from you your envy and all
stiff-neckedness, As a rose shall my bones flourish in Israel, And as a lily my
flesh in Jacob, And my odour shall be as the odour of Libanus; And as cedars
shall holy ones be multiplied from me forever, And their branches shall stretch
afar off. 3 Then shall perish the seed of Canaan, And a remnant shall not be
unto Amalek, And all the Cappadocians shall perish, And all the Hittites shall
be utterly destroyed. 4 Then shall fail the land of Ham, And all the people
shall perish. Then shall all the earth rest from trouble, And all the world
under heaven from war. 5 Then the Mighty One of Israel shall glorify Shem, For
the Lord God shall appear on earth, And Himself save men. 6 Then shall all the
spirits of deceit be given to be trodden under foot, And men shall rule over
wicked spirits. 7 Then shall I arise in joy, And will bless the Most High
because of his marvellous works, [Because God hath taken a body and eaten with
men and saved men].
7 1 And now, my children, obey Levi and Judah, and be not
lifted up against these two tribes, for 2 from them shall arise unto you the
salvation of God. For the Lord shall raise up from Levi as it were a
High-priest, and from Judah as it were a King [God and man], He shall save all
[the Gentiles 3 and] the race of Israel. Therefore I give you these commands
that ye also may command your children that they may observe them throughout
their generations.
8 1 And when Simeon had made an end of commanding his sons,
he slept with his fathers, being an 2 hundred and twenty years old. And they
laid him in a wooden coffin, to take up his bones to 3 Hebron. And they took
them up secretly during a war of the Egyptians. For the bones of Joseph 4 the
Egyptians guarded in the tombs of the kings. For the sorcerers told them; that
on the departure of the bones of Joseph there should be throughout all the land
darkness and gloom, and an exceeding great plague to the Egyptians, so that
even with a lamp a man should not recognize his brother.
9 1, 2 And the sons of Simeon bewailed their father. And
they were in Egypt until the day of their departure by the hand of Moses.
THE TESTAMENT OF
LEVI, THE THIRD SON OF JACOB AND LEAH
1 1 The copy of the words of Levi, the things which he
ordained unto his sons, according to all that 2 they should do, and what things
should befall them until the day of judgement. He was sound in health when he
called them to him; for it had been revealed to him that he should die. And
when they were gathered together he said to them:
2 1, 2 I, Levi, was born in Haran, and I came with my father
to Shechem. And I was young, about3 twenty years of age, when, with Simeon, I
wrought vengeance on Hamor for our sister Dinah. And when I was feeding the
flocks in Abel-Maul, the spirit of understanding of the Lord came upon me, and
I saw all men corrupting their way, and that unrighteousness had built for
itself walls, and lawlessness 4 sat upon towers. And I was grieving for the
race of the sons of men, and I prayed to the 5 Lord that I might be saved. Then
there fell upon me a sleep, and I beheld a high mountain, and 6 I was upon it.
And behold the heavens were opened and an angel of God said to me, Levi enter 7
And I entered from the first heaven, and I saw there a great sea hanging. 8 And
further I saw a second heaven far brighter and more brilliant, for there was a
boundless light also therein. 9 And I said to the angel, Why Is this so? And
the angel said to me, Marvel not at this, for thou shalt see another heaven
more brilliant and incomparable. 10 And when thou hast ascended thither, Thou
shalt stand near the Lord, And shalt be His minister, And shalt declare His
mysteries to men, And shall proclaim concerning Him that shall redeem Israel.
11 And by thee and Judah shall the Lord appear among men Saving every race of
men. 12 And from the Lord's portion shall be thy life, And He shall be thy
field and vineyard, And fruits, gold, and silver.
3 l Hear, therefore, regarding the heavens which have been
shown to thee. The lowest is for this cause gloomy unto thee, in that it
beholds all the unrighteous deeds of men. 2 And it has fire, snow, and ice made
ready for the day of judgement, in the righteous judgement of God; for in it
are all the spirits of the retributions for vengeance on men. 3 And in the
second are the hosts of the armies which are ordained for the day of judgement,
to work vengeance on the spirits of deceit and of Beliar. And above them are
the holy ones. 4 And in the highest of all dwelleth the Great Glory, far above
all holiness. 5 In [the heaven next to] it are the archangels, who minister and
make propitiation to the Lord for all the sins of ignorance of the righteous;
Offering to the Lord a sweet- smelling savour, a reasonable and a bloodless
offering. 7 And [in the heaven below this] are the angels who bear answers to
the angels of the presence of the Lord. 8 And in the heaven next to this are
thrones and dominions, in which always they offer praise to God. 9 When,
therefore, the Lord looketh upon us, all of us are shaken; yea, the heavens,
and the earth, and the abysses are shaken at the presence of His majesty. 10
But the sons of men, having no perception of these things sin and provoke the
Most High.
4 1 Now, therefore, know that the Lord shall execute
judgment upon the sons of men. Because when the rocks are being rent, And the
sun quenched, And the waters dried up, And the fire cowering, And all creation
troubled, And the invisible spirits melting away; And Hades taketh spoils
through the visitations of the Most High, Men will be unbelieving and persist
in their iniquity. On this account with punishment shall they be judged. 2
Therefore the Most High hath heard thy prayer, To separate thee from iniquity,
and that thou shouldst become to Him a son, And a servant, and a minister of
His presence. 3 The light of knowledge shalt thou light up in Jacob, And as the
sun shalt thou be to all the seed of Israel. 4 And there shall be given to thee
a blessing, and to all thy seed, Until the Lord shall visit all the Gentiles in
His tender mercies for ever. 5 And therefore there have been given to thee
counsel and understanding, That thou mightst instruct thy sons concerning this;
6 Because they that bless Him shall be blessed, And they that curse Him shall
perish.
5 1 And thereupon the angel opened to me the gates of
heaven, and I saw the holy temple, and upon 2 a throne of glory the Most High.
And He said to me: Levi, I have given thee the blessings of the 3 priesthood
until I come and sojourn in the midst of Israel. Then the angel brought me down
to the earth, and gave me a shield and a sword, and said to me: Execute
vengeance on Shechem because 4 of Dinah, thy sister, and I will be with thee
because the Lord hath sent me. And I destroyed at 5 that time the sons of
Hamor, as it is written in the heavenly tables. And I said to him: I pray 6
thee, O Lord, tell me Thy name, that I may call upon Thee in a day of
tribulation. And he said: I am the angel who intercedeth for the nation of
Israel that they may not be smitten utterly, 7 for every evil spirit attacketh
it. And after these things I awaked, and blessed the Most High, and the angel
who intercedeth for the nation of Israel and for all the righteous.
6 1 And when I was going to my father, I found a brazen
shield; wherefore also the name of the 2 mountain is Aspis, which is near
Gebal, to the south of Abila And I kept these words in my 3 heart. And after
this I counselled my father, and Reuben my brother, to bid the sons of Hamor
not to be circumcised; for I was zealous because of the abomination which they
had wrought on 4, 5 my sister. And I slew Shechem first, and Simeon slew Hamor.
And after this my brothers 6 came and smote that city with the edge of the
sword. And my father heard these things and was wroth, and he was grieved in
that they had received the circumcision, and after that had been 7 put to
death, and in his blessings he looked amiss upon us. For we sinned because we
had done 8 this thing against his will, and he was sick on that day. But I saw
that the sentence of God was for evil upon Shechem; for they sought to do to
Sarah and Rebecca as they had done to Dinah our 9 sister, but the Lord
prevented them. And they persecuted Abraham our father when he was a stranger,
and they vexed his flocks when they were big with young; and Eblaen, who was
born in his 10 house, they most shamefully handled. And thus they did to all strangers,
taking away their 11 wives by force, and they banished them. But the wrath of
the Lord came upon them to the uttermost.
7 1 And I said to my father Jacob: By thee will the Lord
despoil the Canaanites, and will give 2 their land to thee and to thy seed
after thee. For from this day forward shall Shechem be 3 called a city of
imbeciles; for as a man mocketh a fool, so did we mock them. Because also 4
they had wrought folly in Israel by defiling my sister. And we departed and
came to Bethel.
8 1, 2 And there again I saw a vision as the former, after
we had spent there seventy days. And I saw seven men in white raiment saying
unto me: Arise, put on the robe of the priesthood, and the crown of
righteousness, and the breastplate of understanding, and the garment of truth,
and the plate of faith, and the 3 turban of the head, and the ephod of
prophecy. And they severally carried (these things) and put (them,) on me, and
said unto me: From henceforth become a priest of the Lord, thou and thy seed
for 4, 5 ever. And the first anointed me with holy oil, and gave to me the
staff of judgment. The second washed me with pure water, and fed me with bread
and wine (even) the most holy things, and clad 6, 7 me with a holy and glorious
robe. The third clothed me with a linen vestment like an ephod. The 8, 9 fourth
put round me a girdle like unto purple. The fifth gave me a branch of rich
olive. The sixth 10 placed a crown on my head. The seventh placed on my head a
diadem of priesthood, and filled my 11 hands with incense, that I might serve
as priest to the Lord God. And they said to me: Levi, thy 12 seed shall be
divided into three offices, for a sign of the glory of the Lord who is to come.
And the 13 first portion shall be great; yea, greater than it shall none be. The
second shall be in the priesthood. 14 And the third shall be called by a new
name, because a king shall arise in Judah, and shall 15 establish a new
priesthood, after the fashion of the Gentiles [to all the Gentiles]. And His
presence is beloved, as a prophet of the Most High, of the seed of Abraham our
father. 16 Therefore, every desirable thing in Israel shall be for thee and for
thy seed, And ye shall eat everything fair to look upon, And the table of the
Lord shall thy seed apportion. 17 And some of them shall be high priests, and
judges, and scribes; For by their mouth shall the holy place be guarded. 18, 19
And when I awoke, I understood that this (dream) was like the first dream. And
I hid this also in my heart, and told it not to any man upon the earth.
9 1, 2 And after two days I and Judah went up with our
father Jacob to Isaac our father's father. And my father's father blessed me
according to all the words of the visions which I had seen. And 3 he would not
come with us to Bethel. And when we came to Bethel, my father saw a vision 4
concerning me, that I should be their priest unto God. And he rose up early in
the morning, 5 and paid tithes of all to the Lord through me. And so we came to
Hebron to dwell there. 6 And Isaac called me continually to put me in
remembrance of the law of the Lord, even as the 7 angel of the Lord showed unto
me. And he taught me the law of the priesthood, of sacrifices, 8 whole
burnt-offerings, first-fruits, freewill-offerings, peace-offerings. And each
day he was instructing me, and was busied on my behalf before the Lord, and
said to me: Beware of the spirit of 10 fornication; for this shall continue and
shall by thy seed pollute the holy place. Take, therefore, to thyself a wife
without blemish or pollution, w bile yet thou art young, and not of the race of
11 strange nations. And before entering into the holy place, bathe; and when
thou offerest the 12 sacrifices wash; and again, when thou finishest the
sacrifice, wash Of twelve trees having leaves 13, offer to the Lord, as Abraham
taught me also. And of every clean beast and bird offer a 14 sacrifice to the
Lord. And of all thy first -fruits and of wine offer the first, as a sacrifice
to the Lord God; and every sacrifice thou shalt salt with salt.
10 1 Now, therefore, observe whatsoever I command you,
children: for whatsoever things I have 2 heard from my fathers I have declared
unto you. And behold I am clear from your ungodliness and transgression, which
ye shall commit in the end of the ages [against the Saviour of the world,
Christ, acting godlessly], deceiving Israel, and stirring up against it great
evils from the 3 Lord. And ye shall deal lawlessly together with Israel, so He
shall not bear with Jerusalem because of your wickedness; but the veil of the
temple shall be rent, so as not to cover your 4 shame. And ye shall be
scattered as captives among the Gentiles, and shall be for a reproach 5 and for
a curse there. For the house which the Lord shall choose shall be called
Jerusalem, as is contained in the book of Enoch the righteous.
11 1,2 Therefore when I took a wife I was twenty-eight years
old, and her name was Melcha. And she conceived and bare a son, and I called
his name Gersam, for we were sojourners in our land 3, 4 And I saw concerning
him, that he would not be in the first rank, And Kohath was born in the 5
thirty-fifth year of my life, towards sunrise. And I saw in a vision that he
was standing on high 6 in the midst of all the congregation, Therefore I called
his name Kohath [which is, beginning of 7 majesty and instruction]. And she
bare me a third son, in the fortieth year of my life; and since his mother bare
him with difficulty, I called him Merari, that is, 'my bitterness,' because he
also was 8 like to die. And Jochebed was born in Egypt, in my sixty-fourth
year, for I was renowned then in the midst of my brethren.
12 1, 2 And Gersam took a wife, and she bare to him Lomni
and Semei. And the sons of Kohath, 3, 4 Ambram, Issachar, Hebron, and Ozeel.
And the sons of Merari, Mooli, and Mouses. And in the ninety-fourth year Ambram
took Jochebed my daughter to him to wife, for they were born in one 5 day, he
and my daughter. Eight years old was I when I went into the land of Canaan, and
eighteen years when I slew Shechem, and at nineteen years I became priest, and
at twenty-eight years I took 6 a wife, and at forty-eight I went into Egypt.
And behold, my children, ye are a third generation. 7 In my hundred and
eighteenth year Joseph died.
13 1 And now, my children, I command you: Fear the Lord your
God with your whole heart, And walk in simplicity according to all His law. 2
And do ye also teach your children letters, That they may have understanding
all their life, Reading unceasingly the law of God. 3 For every one that
knoweth the law of the Lord shall be honoured, And shall not be a stranger
whithersoever he goeth. 4 Yea, many friends shall he gain more than his
parents, And many men shall desire to serve him, And to hear the law from his
mouth. 5 Work righteousness, therefore, my children, upon the earth, That ye
may have (it) as a treasure in heaven. 6 And sow good things in your souls,
That ye may find them in your life. But if ye sow evil things, Ye shall reap
every trouble and affliction. 7 Get wisdom in the fear of God with diligence;
For though there be a leading into captivity, And cities and lands be
destroyed, And gold and silver and every possession perish, The wisdom of the
wise nought can take away, Save the blindness of ungodliness, and the
callousness (that comes) of sin. 8 For if one keep oneself from these evil
things, Then even among his enemies shall wisdom be a glory to him, And in a
strange country a fatherland, And in the midst of foes shall prove a friend. 9
Whosoever teaches noble things and does them, Shall be enthroned with kings, As
was also Joseph my brother.
14 1 Therefore, my children, I have learnt that at the end
of the ages ye will transgress against the Lord, stretching out hands to
wickedness [against Him]; and to all the Gentiles shall ye become a scorn. 2
For our father Israel is pure from the transgressions of the chief priests [who
shall lay their hands upon the Saviour of the world]. 3 For as the heaven is
purer in the Lord's sight than the earth, so also be ye, the lights of Israel,
(purer) than all the Gentiles. 4 But if ye be darkened through transgressions,
what, therefore, will all the Gentiles do living in blindness? Yea, ye shall
bring a curse upon our race, because the light of the law which was given for
to lighten every man this ye desire to destroy by teaching commandments
contrary to the ordinances of God. 5 The offerings of the Lord ye shall rob,
and from His portion shall ye steal choice portions, 6 eating (them)
contemptuously with harlots. And out of covetousness ye shall teach the
commandments of the Lord, wedded women shall ye pollute, and the virgins of
Jerusalem shall ye defile: and with harlots and adulteresses shall ye be
joined, and the daughters of the Gentiles shall ye take to wife, purifying them
with an unlawful purification; and your union shall be like unto Sodom and 7
Gomorrah. And ye shall be puffed up because of your priesthood, lifting
yourselves up against 8 men, and not only so, but also against the commands of
God. For ye shall contemn the holy things with jests and laughter.
15 1 Therefore the temple, which the Lord shall choose,
shall be laid waste through your uncleanness, 2 and ye shall be captives
throughout all nations. And ye shall be an abomination unto them, and ye 3
shall receive reproach and everlasting shame from the righteous judgement of
God. And all who hate 4 you shall rejoice at your destruction. And if you were
not to receive mercy through Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, our fathers, not one of
our seed should be left upon the earth.
16 1 And now I have learnt that for seventy weeks ye shall
go astray, and profane the priesthood, and 2 pollute the sacrifices. And ye
shall make void the law, and set at nought the words of the prophets by evil
perverseness. And ye shall persecute righteous men, and hate the godly the words
of the 3 faithful shall ye abhor. [And a man who reneweth the law in the power
of the Most High, ye shall call a deceiver; and at last ye shall rush (upon
him) to slay him, not knowing his dignity, taking 4 innocent blood through
wickedness upon your heads.] And your holy places shall be laid waste 5 even to
the ground because of him. And ye shall have no place that is clean; but ye
shall be among the Gentiles a curse and a dispersion until He shall again visit
you and in pity shall receive you [through faith and water].
17 1 And whereas ye have heard concerning the seventy weeks,
hear also concerning the priesthood. 2 For in each jubilee there shall be a
priesthood. And in the first jubilee, the first who is anointed to the
priesthood shall be great, and shall speak to God as to a father. And his
priesthood shall be perfect with the Lord, [and in the day of his gladness
shall he arise for the salvation of the world]. 3 In the second jubilee, he
that is anointed shall be conceived in the sorrow of beloved ones; and his 4
priesthood shall be honoured and shall be glorified by all. And the third
priest shall be taken hold 5 of by sorrow. And the fourth shall be in pain,
because unrighteousness shall gather itself against 6 him exceedingly, and all
Israel shall hate each one his neighbour. The fifth shall be taken hold of 7 by
darkness Likewise also the sixth and the seventh. And in the seventh shall be
such pollution 8 as I cannot express before men, for they shall know it who do
these things. Therefore shall they 9 be taken captive and become a prey, and
their land and their substance shall be destroyed. 10 And in the fifth week
they shall return to their desolate country, and shall renew the house of the
11 Lord. And in the seventh week shall become priests, (who are) idolaters,
adulterers, lovers of money, proud, lawless, lascivious, abusers of children
and beasts.
18 1 And after their punishment shall have come from the
Lord, the priesthood shall fail. 2 Then shall the Lord raise up a new priest.
And to him all the words of the Lord shall be revealed; And he shall execute a
righteous judgement upon the earth for a multitude of days. 3 And his star
shall arise in heaven as of a king. Lighting up the light of knowledge as the
sun the day, And he shall be magnified in the world. 4 He shall shine forth as
the sun on the earth, And shall remove all darkness from under heaven, And
there shall be peace in all the earth. 5 The heavens shall exult in his days,
And the earth shall be glad, And the clouds shall rejoice, [And the knowledge
of the Lord shall be poured forth upon the earth, as the water of the seas; And
the angels of the glory of the presence of the Lord shall be glad in him. 6 The
heavens shall be opened, And From the temple of glory shall come upon him
sanctification, With the Father's voice as from Abraham to Isaac. 7 And the
glory of the Most High shall be uttered over him, And the spirit of
understanding and sanctification shall rest upon him [in the water]. 8 For he
shall give the majesty of the Lord to His sons in truth for evermore; And there
shall none succeed him for all generations for ever. 9 And in his priesthood
the Gentiles shall be multiplied in knowledge upon the earth, And enlightened
through the grace of the Lord: In his priesthood shall sin come to an end, And
the lawless shall cease to do evil. [And the just shall rest in him.] 10 And he
shall open the gates of paradise, And shall remove the threatening sword
against Adam. 11 And he shall give to the saints to eat from the tree of life,
And the spirit of holiness shall be on them. 12 And Beliar shall be bound by
him, And he shall give power to His children to tread upon the evil spirits. 13
And the Lord shall rejoice in His children, And be well pleased in His beloved
ones for ever. 14 Then shall Abraham and Isaac and Jacob exult, And I will be
glad, And all the saints shall clothe themselves with joy.
19 1 And now, my children, ye have heard all; choose,
therefore, for yourselves either the light or the 2 darkness, either the law of
the Lord or the works of Beliar. And his sons answered him, saying, 3 Before
the Lord we will walk according to His law. And their father said unto them,
The Lord is witness, and His angels are witnesses, and ye are witnesses, and I
am witness, concerning the word 4 of your mouth. And his sons said unto him: We
are witnesses. And thus Levi ceased commanding his sons; and he stretched out
his feet on the bed, and was gathered to his fathers, after he had 5 lived a
hundred and thirty-seven years. And they laid him in a coffin, and afterwards
they buried him in Hebron, with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob
THE TESTAMENT OF
JUDAH, THE FOURTH SON OF JACOB AND LEAH
1 1, 2 The copy of the words of Judah, what things he spake
to his sons before he died. They gathered 3 themselves together, therefore, and
came to him, and he said to them: Hearken, my children, to Judah your father. I
was the fourth son born to my father Jacob; and Leah my mother named 4 me
Judah, saying, I give thanks to the Lord, because He hath given me a fourth son
also. I was 5 swift in my youth, and obedient to my father in everything. And I
honoured my mother and my 6 mother's sister. And it came to pass, when I became
a man, that my father blessed me, saying, Thou shalt be a king, prospering in
all things.
2 1, 2 And the Lord showed me favour in all my works both in
the field and in the house. I know that 3 I raced a hind, and caught it, and
prepared the meat for my father, and he did eat. And the roes I used to master
in the chase, and overtake all that was in the plains. A wild mare I overtook,
and 4 caught it and tamed it. I slew a lion and plucked a kid out of its mouth.
I took a bear by its paw 5 and hurled it down the cliff, and it was crushed. I
outran the wild boar, and seizing it as I ran, 6 I tore it in sunder. A leopard
in Hebron leaped upon my dog, and I caught it by the tail, and 7 hurled it on
the rocks, and it was broken in twain. I found a wild ox feeding in the fields,
and seizing it by the horns, and whirling it round and stunning it, I cast it
from me and slew it.
3 1 And when the two kings of the Canaanites came sheathed
in armour against our flocks, and much people with them, single-handed I rushed
upon the king of Hazor, and smote him on the greaves 2 and dragged him down,
and so I Slew him. And the other, the king of Tappuah, as he sat upon his 3
horse, [I slew, and so I scattered all his people. Achor the king] a man of
giant stature I found, hurling javelins before and behind as he sat on
horseback, and I took up a stone of sixty pounds 4 weight, and hurled it and
smote his horse, and killed it. And I fought with (this) other for two 5 hours;
and I clave his shield in twain, and I chopped off his feet, and killed him.
And as I was 6 stripping off his breastplate, behold nine men his companions
began to fight with me. And I wound my garment on my hand; and I slung stones
at them, and killed four of them, and the rest fled. 7 And Jacob my father slew
Beelesath, king of all the kings, a giant in strength, twelve cubits high. 8, 9
And fear fell upon them, and they ceased warring against us. Therefore my
father was free from 10 anxiety in the wars when I was with my brethren. For he
saw in a vision concerning me that an angel of might followed me everywhere,
that I should not be overcome.
4 1 And in the south there came upon us a greater war than
that in Shechem; and I joined in battle array with my brethren, and pursued a
thousand men, and slew of them two hundred men and 2, 3 four kings. And I went
up upon the wall, and I slew four mighty men. And so we captured Hazor, and
took all the spoil.
5 1 On the next day we departed to Aretan, a city strong and
walled and inaccessible, threatening us 2 with death. But I and Gad approached
on the east side of the city, and Reuben and Levi on the 3 west. And they that
were upon the wall, thinking that we were alone, were drawn down against 4 us.
And so my brothers secretly climbed up the wall on both sides by stakes, and
entered the city, 5 while the men knew it not. And we took it with the edge of
the sword. And as for those who had taken refuge in the tower, we set fire to
the tower and took both it and them. 6 And as we were departing the men of
Tappuah set upon our spoil, and delivering it up to our sons we fought with
them as far as Tappuah. 7 And we slew them and burnt their city, and took as
spoil all that was in it.
6 1, 2 And when I was at the waters of Kozeba, the men of
Jobel came against us to battle. And we fought with them and routed them; and
their allies from Shiloh we slew, and we did not leave 3 them power to come in
against us. And the men of Makir came upon us the fifth day, to seize our
spoil; and we attacked them and overcame them in fierce battle: for there was a
host of mighty 4 men amongst them, and we slew them before they had gone up the
ascent. And when we came to 5 their city their women rolled upon us stones from
the brow of the hill on which the city stood, And I and Simeon hid ourselves
behind the town, and seized upon the heights, and destroyed this city also.
7 1 And the next day it was told us that the king of the
city of Gaash with a mighty host was coming 2 against us. I, therefore, and Dan
feigned ourselves to be Amorites, and as allies went into their 3 city. And in
the depth of night our brethren came and we opened to them the gates; and we
destroyed all the men and their substance, and we took for a prey all that was
theirs, and their three 4 walls we cast down. And we drew near to Thamna, where
was all the substance of the hostile kings. Then being insulted by them, I was
therefore wroth, and rushed against them to the summit; and 6 they kept
slinging against me stones and darts. And had not Dan my brother aided me, they
would 7 have slain me. We came upon them, therefore, with wrath, and they all
fled; and passing by 8 another way, they besought my father, and he made peace
with them. And we did to them no hurt, 9 and they became tributary to us, and
we restored to them their spoil. And I built Thamna, and my 10 father built
Pabael. I was twenty years old when this war befell. And the Canaanites feared
me and my brethren.
8 1, 2 And I had much cattle, and I had for chief herdsman
Iram the Adullamite. And when I went to him I saw Parsaba, king of Adullam; and
he spake unto us, and he made us a feast; 3 and when I was heated he gave me
his daughter Bathshua to wife. She bare me Er, and Onan and Shelah; and two of
them the Lord smote: for Shelah lived, and his children are ye.
9 1 And eighteen years my father abode in peace with his
brother Esau, and his sons with us, after 2 that we came from Mesopotamia, from
Laban. And when eighteen years were fulfilled, in the fortieth year of my life,
Esau, the brother of my father, came upon us with a mighty and strong 3 people.
And Jacob smote Esau with an arrow, and he was taken up wounded on Mount Seir,
and 4 as he went he died at Anoniram. And we pursued after the sons of Esau.
Now they had a city with walls of iron and gates of brass; and we could not
enter into it, and we encamped around, and 5 besieged it. And when they opened
not to us in twenty days, I set up a ladder in the sight of all and with my
shield upon my head I went up, sustaining the assault of stones, upwards of
three 6, 7 talents weight; and I slew four of their mighty men. And Reuben and
Gad slew six others. Then they asked from us terms of peace; and having taken
counsel with our father, we received them as 8 tributaries. And they gave us
five hundred cors of wheat, five hundred baths of oil, five hundred measures of
wine, until the famine, when we went down into Egypt.
10 1 And after these things my son Er took to wife Tamar,
from Mesopotamia, a daughter of Aram. 2 Now Er was wicked, and he was in need
concerning Tamar, because she was not of the land 3 of Canaan. And on the third
night an angel of the Lord smote him. And he had not known her according to the
evil craftiness of his mother, for he did not wish to have children by her. In
the days of the wedding-feast I gave Onan to her in marriage; and he also in
wickedness knew her not, 5 though he spent with her a year. And when I
threatened him he went in unto her, but he spilled the seed on the ground,
according to the command of his mother, and he also died through wickedness. 6
And I wished to give Shelah also to her, but his mother did not permit it; for
she wrought evil against Tamar, because she was not of the daughters of Canaan,
as she also herself was.
11 1 And I knew that the race of the Canaanites was wicked,
but the impulse of youth blinded my 2 mind. And when I saw her pouring out
wine, owing to the intoxication of wine I was deceived, and 3 took her although
my father had not counselled (it). And while I was away she went and took for 4
Shelah a wife from Canaan. And when I knew what she had done, I cursed her in
the anguish of 5 my soul. And she also died through her wickedness together
with her sons.
12 1 And after these things, while Tamar was a widow, she
heard after two years that I was going up 2 to shear my sheep, and adorned
herself in bridal array, and sat in the city Enaim by the gate. For it was a
law of the Amorites, that she who was about to marry should sit in fornication
seven days 3 by the gate. Therefore being drunk with wine, I did not recognize
her; and her beauty deceived 4 me, through the fashion of her adorning. And I
turned aside to her, and said: Let me go in unto thee. And she said: What wilt
thou give me? And I gave her my staff, and my girdle, and the 5 diadem of my
kingdom in pledge. And I went in unto her, and she conceived. And not knowing 6
what I had done, I wished to slay her; but she privily sent my pledges, and put
me to shame. And when I called her, I heard also the secret words which I spoke
when lying with her in my drunkenness; 7 and I could not slay her, because it
was from the Lord. For I said, Lest haply she did it in 8 subtlety, having
received the pledge from another woman. But I came not again near her while 9 I
lived, because I had done this abomination in all Israel. Moreover, they who
were in the city said there was no harlot in the gate, because she came from another
place, and sat for a while in the 10, 11 gate. And I thought that no one knew
that I had gone in to her. And after this we came into 12 Egypt to Joseph,
because of the famine. And I was forty and six years old, and seventy and three
years lived I in Egypt.
13 1 And now I command you, my children, hearken to Judah
your father, and keep my sayings to 2 perform all the ordinances of the Lord,
and to obey the commands of God. And walk not after your lusts, nor in the
imaginations of your thoughts in haughtiness of heart; and glory not in the
deeds 3 and strength of your youth, for this also is evil in the eyes of the
Lord. Since I also gloried that in wars no comely woman's face ever enticed me,
and reproved Reuben my brother concerning Bilhah, the wife of my father, the
spirits of jealousy and of fornication arrayed themselves against me, until I
lay with Bathshua the Canaanite, and Tamar, who was espoused to my sons. For I
said to my father-in-law: I will take counsel with my father, and so will I
take thy daughter. And he was unwilling, but he showed me a boundless store of
gold in his daughter's behalf; for he was 5 a king. And he adorned her with
gold and pearls, and caused her to pour out wine for us at the 6 feast with the
beauty of women. And the wine turned aside my eyes, and pleasure blinded my 7
heart. And I became enamoured of and I lay with her, and transgressed the
commandment of the 8 Lord and the commandment of my fathers, and I took her to
wife. And the Lord rewarded me according to the imagination of my heart,
inasmuch as I had no joy in her children.
14 1 And now, my children, I say unto you, be not drunk with
wine; for wine turneth the mind away 2 from the truth, and inspires the passion
of lust, and leadeth the eyes into error. For the spirit of fornication hath
wine as a minister to give pleasure to the mind; for these two also take away
the 3 mind of man. For if a man drink wine to drunkenness, it disturbeth the
mind with filthy thoughts leading to fornication, and heateth the body to carnal
union; and if the occasion of the lust be 4 present, he worketh the sin, and is
not ashamed. Such is the inebriated man, my children; for he 5 who is drunken
reverenceth no man. For, lo, it made me also to err, so that I was not ashamed
of the multitude in the city, in that before the eyes of all I turned aside
unto Tamar, and I wrought 6 a great sin, and I uncovered the covering of my
sons' shame. After I had drunk wine I reverenced 7 not the commandment of God,
and I took a woman of Canaan to wife. For much discretion needeth the man who
drinketh wine, my children; and herein is discretion in drinking wine a man 8
may drink so long as he preserveth modesty. But if he go beyond this limit the
spirit of deceit attacketh his mind, and it maketh the drunkard to talk
filthily, and to transgress and not to be ashamed, but even to glory in his
shame, and to account himself honourable.
15 1 He that committeth fornication is not aware when he
suffers loss, and is not ashamed when put 2 to dishonour. For even though a man
be a king and commit fornication, he is stripped of his 3 kingship by becoming
the slave of fornication, as I myself also suffered. For I gave my staff, that
is, the stay of my tribe; and my girdle, that is, my power; and my diadem, that
is, the glory of my 4 kingdom. And indeed I repented of these things; wine and
flesh I eat not until my old age, nor 5 did I behold any joy. And the angel of
God showed me that for ever do women bear rule over 6 king and beggar alike.
And from the king they take away his glory, and from the valiant man his might,
and from the beggar even that little which is the stay of his poverty.
16 1 Observe, therefore, my children, the (rights limit in
wine; for there are in it four evil spirits--- of 2 lust, of hot desire, of
profligacy of filthy lucre. If ye drink wine in gladness, be ye modest in the
fear of God. For if in (your) gladness the fear of God departeth, then
drunkenness ariseth and 3 shamelessness stealeth in. But if ye would live
soberly do not touch wine at all, lest ye sin in words of outrage, and in
fightings and slanders, and transgressions of the commandments of God, 4 and ye
perish before your time. Moreover, wine revealeth the mysteries of God and men,
even as I also revealed the commandments of God and the mysteries of Jacob my
father to the Canaanitish 5 woman Bathshua, which God bade me not to reveal.
And wine is a cause both of war and confusion.
17 1 And now, I command you, my children, not to love money,
nor to gaze upon the beauty of women; because for the sake of money and beauty
I was led astray to Bathshua the Canaanite. 2, 3 [For I know that because of
these two things shall my race fall into wickedness. For even wise men among my
sons shall they mar, and shall cause the kingdom of Judah to be diminished,
which 4 the Lord gave me because of my obedience to my father. For I never
caused grief to Jacob, my 5 father: for all things whatsoever he commanded I
did. And Isaac, the father of my father, blessed 6 me to be king in Israel, and
Jacob further blessed me in like manner. And I know that from me shall the
kingdom be established.
18 1 And I know what evils ye will do in the last days.] 2
Beware, therefore, my children, of fornication, and the love of money, and
hearken to Judah your father. 3 For these things withdraw you from the law of
God, And blind the inclination of the soul, And teach arrogance, And suffer not
a man to have compassion upon his neighbour 4 They rob his soul of all
goodness, And oppress him with toils and troubles, And drive away sleep from
him, And devour his flesh. 5 And he hindereth the sacrifices of God; And he
remembereth not the blessing of God, He hearkeneth not to a prophet when he
speaketh, And resenteth the words of godliness. 6 For he is a slave to two
contrary passions, And cannot obey God, Because they have blinded his soul, And
he walketh in the day as in the night.
19 1 My children, the love of money leadeth to idolatry;
because, when led astray through money, men name as gods those who are not
gods, and it causeth him who hath it to fall into madness 2 For the sake of
money I lost my children, and had not my repentance, and my humiliation, and 3
the prayers of my father been accepted, I should have died childless. But the
God of my fathers 4 had mercy on me, because I did it in ignorance. And the
prince of deceit blinded me, and I sinned as a man and as flesh, being
corrupted through sins; and I learnt my own weakness while thinking myself
invincible.
20 1 Know, therefore, my children, that two spirits wait
upon man the spirit of truth and the spirit 2 of deceit. And in the midst is
the spirit of understanding of the mind, to which it belongeth to turn
whithersoever it will. 3 And the works of truth and the works of deceit are
written upon the hearts of men, and each one of them the Lord knoweth. 4 And
there is no time at which the works of men can be hid; for on the heart itself
have they been 5 written down before the Lord. And the spirit of truth
testifieth all things, and accuseth all; and the sinner is burnt up by his own
heart, and cannot raise his face to the judge.
21 1 And now, my children, I command you, love Levi, that ye
may abide, and exalt not yourselves 2 against him, lest ye be utterly
destroyed. For to me the Lord gave the kingdom, and to him the 3 priesthood,
and He set the kingdom beneath the priesthood. To me He gave the things upon
the 4 earth; to him the things in the heavens. As the heaven is higher than the
earth, so is the priesthood of God higher than the earthly kingdom, unless it
falls away through sin from the Lord and is 5 dominated by the earthly kingdom.
For the angel of the Lord said unto me: The Lord chose him rather than thee, to
draw near to Him, and to eat of His table and to offer Him the first-fruits of
the choice things of the sons of Israel; but thou shalt be king of Jacob. 6 And
thou shalt be amongst them as the sea. For as, on the sea, just and unjust are
tossed about, some taken into captivity while some are enriched, so also shall
every race of men be in thee: some shall be impoverished, being taken captive,
and others grow rich by plundering the possessions of others. 7 For the kings
shall be as sea-monsters. They shall swallow men like fishes: The sons and
daughters of free men shall they enslave; Houses, lands, flocks, money shall
they plunder: 8 And with the flesh of many shall they wrongfully feed the
ravens and the cranes; And they shall advance in evil, in covetousness
uplifted, 9 And there shall be false prophets like tempests, And they shall
persecute all righteous men.
22 1 And the Lord shall bring upon them divisions one
against another. And there shall be continual wars in Israel; 2 And among men
of another race shall my kingdom be brought to an end, Until the salvation of
Israel shall come, Until the appearing of the God of righteousness, That Jacob
[and all the Gentiles] may rest in peace. 3 And He shall guard the might of my
kingdom for ever; For the Lord sware to me with an oath that He would not
destroy the kingdom from my seed for ever.
23 1 Now I have much grief, my children, because of your
lewdness and witchcrafts, and idolatries which ye shall practise against the
kingdom, following them that have familiar spirits, diviners, and 2 demons of
error. Ye shall make your daughters singing girls and harlots, and ye shall
mingle in 3 the abominations of the Gentiles. For which things' sake the Lord
shall bring upon you famine and pestilence, death and the sword, beleaguering
by enemies, and revilings of friends, the slaughter of children, the rape of
wives, the plundering of possessions, the burning of the temple of God,] the 4
laying waste of the land, the enslavement of yourselves among the Gentiles. And
they shall make some of you eunuchs for their wives. 5 Until the Lord visit
you, when with perfect heart ye repent and walk in all His commandments; and He
bring you up from captivity among the Gentiles.
24 1 And after these things shall a star arise to you from
Jacob in peace, And a man shall arise [from my seed], like the sun of
righteousness, walking with the sons of men in meekness and righteousness; And
no sin shall be found in him. 2 and the heavens shall be open unto him, To pour
out the spirit, (even) the blessing of the Holy Father; 3 And He shall pour out
the spirit of grace upon you; And ye shall be unto Him sons in truth, And ye
shall walk in His commandments first and last. 4 [This Branch of God Most High,
And this Fountain giving life unto all.] 5 Then shall the sceptre of my kingdom
shine forth; And from your root shall arise a stem; 6 And from it shall grow a
rod of righteousness to the Gentiles, To judge and to save all that call upon
the Lord.
26 1 And after these things shall Abraham and Isaac and
Jacob arise unto life, and I and my brethren shall be chiefs of the tribes of
Israel: Levi first, I the second, Joseph third, Benjamin fourth, 2 Simeon
fifth; Issachar sixth, and so all in order. And the Lord blessed Levi, and the
Angel of the Presence, me; the powers of glory, Simeon; the heaven, Reuben; the
earth, Issachar; the sea, Zebulun; the mountains, Joseph; the tabernacle,
Benjamin; the luminaries, Dan; Eden, Naphtali; the sun, Gad; the moon, Asher. 3
And ye shall be the people of the Lord, and have one tongue; And there shall be
there no spirit of deceit of Beliar, For he shall be cast into the fire for
ever. 4 And they who have died in grief shall arise in joy , And they who were
poor for the Lord's sake shall be made rich, And they who are put to death for
the Lord's sake shall awake to life. 5 And the harts of Jacob shall run in
joyfulness, And the eagles of Israel shall fly in gladness; And all the people
shall glorify the Lord for ever.
26 1 Observe, therefore, my children, all the law of the
Lord, for there is hope for all them who hold 2 fast unto His ways. And he said
to them: Behold, I die before your eyes this day, a hundred and 3 nineteen
years old. Let no one bury me in costly apparel, nor tear open my bowels, for
this 4 shall they who are kings do; and carry me up to Hebron with you. And
Judah, when he had said these things, fell asleep; and his sons did according
to all whatsoever he commanded them, and they buried him in Hebron, with his
fathers.
THE TESTAMENT OF
ISSACHAR, THE FIFTH SON OF JACOB AND LEAH.
1 1 The copy of the words of Issachar. For he called his
sons and said to them: Hearken, my children, to Issachar your father; Give ear
to the words of him who is beloved of the Lord. 2, 3 I was born the fifth son
to Jacob, by way of hire for the mandrakes. For Reuben my brother 4 brought in
mandrakes from the field, and Rachel met him and took them. And Reuben wept,
and 5 at his voice Leah my mother came forth. Now these (mandrakes) were
sweet-smelling apples 6 which were produced in the land of Haran below a ravine
of water. And Rachel said: I will not give them to thee, but they shall be to
me instead of children. For the Lord hath despised me, 7 and I have not borne
children to Jacob. Now there were two apples; and Leah said to Rachel: 8 Let it
suffice thee that thou hast taken my husband: wilt thou take these also? And
Rachel said 9 to her: Thou shalt have Jacob this night for the mandrakes of thy
son. And Leah said to her: 10 Jacob is mine, for I am the wife of his youth.
But Rachel said: Boast not, and vaunt not thyself; for he espoused me before
thee, and for my sake he served our father fourteen years. 11 And had not craft
increased on the earth and the wickedness of men prospered, thou wouldst not
now see the face of Jacob.
2 1 Then appeared to Jacob an angel of the Lord, saying: Two
children shall Rachel bear, inasmuch 2 as she hath refused company with her
husband, and hath chosen continency. And had not Leah my mother paid the two
apples for the sake of his company, she would have borne eight sons; for this
reason she bare six, and Rachel bare the two: for on account of the mandrakes
the Lord 3 visited her. For He knew that for the sake of children she wished to
company with Jacob, and not for lust of pleasure. For on the morrow also she
again gave up Jacob. Because of the mandrakes; 5 therefore, the Lord hearkened
to Rachel. For though she desired them, she eat them not, but offered them in
the house of the Lord, presenting them to the priest of the Most High who was
at that time.
3 1 When, therefore, I grew up, my children, I walked in
uprightness of heart, and I became a husbandman for my father and my brethren,
and I brought in fruits from the field according to 2, 3 their season. And my
father blessed me, for he saw that I walked in rectitude before him. And 4 I
was not a busybody in my doings, nor envious and malicious against my
neighbour. I never slandered any one, nor did I censure the life of any man,
walking as I did in singleness of eye. 5 Therefore, when I was thirty-five
years old, I took to myself a wife, for my labour wore away my strength, and I
never thought upon pleasure with women; but owing to my toil, sleep overcame
me. 6 And my father always rejoiced in my rectitude, because I offered through
the priest to the Lord 7 all first-fruits; then to my father also. And the Lord
increased ten thousandfold His benefits in my 8 hands; and also Jacob, my
father, knew that God aided my singleness. For on all the poor and oppressed I
bestowed the good things of the earth in the singleness of my heart.
4 1 And now, hearken to me, my children, And walk in
singleness of your heart, For I have seen in it all that is well-pleasing to
the Lord. 2 The single-(minded) man coveteth not gold, He overreacheth not his
neighbour, He longeth not after manifold dainties, He delighteth not in varied
apparel. 3 He doth not desire to live a long life, But only waiteth for the
will of God. 4 And the spirits of deceit have no power against him, For he
looketh not on the beauty of women, Lest he should pollute his mind with
corruption. 5 There is no envy in his thoughts, [No malicious person maketh his
soul to pine away,] Nor worry with insatiable desire in his mind. 6 For he walketh
in singleness of soul, And beholdeth all things in uprightness of heart,
Shunning eyes (made) evil through the error of the world, Lest he should see
the perversion of any of the commandments of the Lord.
5 1 Keep, therefore, my children, the law of God, And get
singleness. And walk in guilelessness, Not playing the busybody with the
business of your neighbour, 2 But love the Lord and your neighbour, Have
compassion on the poor and weak. 3 Bow down your back unto husbandry, And toil
in labours in all manner of husbandry, Offering gifts to the Lord with
thanksgiving. 4 For with the first-fruits of the earth will the Lord bless you,
even as He blessed all the saints 5 from Abel even until now. For no other
portion is given to you than of the fatness of the earth, 6 whose fruits are
raised by toil. For our father Jacob blessed me with blessings of the earth and
of 7 first-fruits. And Levi and Judah were glorified by the Lord even among the
sons of Jacob; for the Lord gave them an inheritance, and to Levi He gave the
priesthood, and to Judah the kingdom. 8 And do ye therefore obey them, and walk
in the singleness of your father; [for unto Gad hath it been given to destroy
the troops that are coming upon Israel].
6 1 Know ye therefore, my children, that in the last times
Your sons will forsake singleness, And will cleave unto insatiable desire; And
leaving guilelessness will draw near to malice; And forsaking the commandments
of the Lord, They will cleave unto Beliar. 2 And leaving husbandry, They will
follow after their own wicked devices, And they shall be dispersed among the
Gentiles. And shall serve their enemies. 3 And do you therefore give these
commands to your children, that, if they sin, they may the more 4 quickly
return to the Lord; For He is merciful, and will deliver them, even to bring
them back into their land.
7 1 Behold, therefore, as ye see, I am a hundred and
twenty-six years old and am not conscious of committing any sin. 2 Except my
wife I have not known any woman. I never committed fornication by the uplifting
of my eyes. 3 I drank not wine, to be led astray thereby; I coveted not any
desirable thing that was my neighbour's. 4 Guile arose not in my heart; A lie
passed not through my lips. 5 If any man were in distress I joined my sighs
with his, And I shared my bread with the poor. I wrought godliness, all my days
I kept truth 6 I loved the Lord; Likewise also every man with all my heart. 7
So do you also these things, my children, And every spirit of Beliar shall flee
from you, And no deed of wicked men shall rule over you; And every wild beast
shall ye subdue, Since you have with you the God of heaven and earth (And) walk
with men in singleness of heart. 8 And having said these things, he commanded
his sons that they should carry him up to Hebron, and bury him there in the
cave with his fathers. And he stretched out his feet and died, at a good old
age; with every limb sound, and with strength unabated, he slept the eternal
sleep.
THE TESTAMENT OF
ZEBULUN, THE SIXTH SON OF JACOB AND LEAH.
1 1 The copy of the words of Zebulun, which he enjoined on
his sons before he died in the 2 hundred and fourteenth year of his life, two
years after the death of Joseph. And he said to them: 3 Hearken to me, ye sons
of Zebulun, attend to the words of your father. I, Zebulun, was born a good
gift to my parents. For when I was born my father was increased very
exceedingly, both in flocks 4 and herds, when with the straked rods he had his
portion. I am not conscious that I have sinned 5 all my days, save in thought.
Nor yet do I remember that I have done any iniquity, except the sin of
ignorance which I committed against Joseph; for I covenanted with my brethren
not to tell 6 my father what had been done. But I wept in secret many days on
account of Joseph, for I feared my brethren, because they had all agreed that
if any one should declare the secret, he should be slain. 7 But when they
wished to kill him, I adjured them much with tears not to be guilty of this
sin.
2 1, 2 For Simeon and Gad came against Joseph to kill him,
and he said unto them with tears: Pity me, my brethren, have mercy upon the
bowels of Jacob our father: lay not upon me your hands 3 to shed innocent
blood, for I have not sinned against you. And if indeed I have sinned, with
chastening chastise me, my brethren but lay not upon me your hand, for the sake
of Jacob our 4 father. And as he spoke these words, wailing as he did so, I was
unable to bear his lamentations, and began to weep, and my liver was poured
out, and all the substance of my bowels was loosened. 5 And I wept with Joseph,
and my heart sounded, and the joints of my body trembled, and I was 6 not able
to stand. And when Joseph saw me weeping with him, and them coming against him
to 7 slay him, he fled behind me, beseeching them. But meanwhile Reuben arose
and said: Come, my brethren, let us not slay him, but let us cast him into one
of these dry pits, which our fathers digged 8 and found no water. For for this
cause the Lord forbade that water should rise up in them, in order that Joseph
should be preserved. And they did so, until they sold him to the Ishmaelites.
3 1, 2 For in his price I had no share, my children. But
Simeon and Gad and six other of our brethren took the price of Joseph, and
bought sandals for themselves, and their wives, and their children, 3 saying:
We will not eat of it, for it is the price of our brother's blood, but we will
assuredly tread it under foot, because he said that he would be king over us,
and so let us see what will become of 4 his dreams. Therefore it is written in
the writing of the law of Moses, that whosoever will not raise 5 up seed to his
brother, his sandal should be unloosed, and they should spit in his face. And
the brethren of Joseph wished not that their brother should live, and the Lord loosed
from them the 6 sandal which they wore against Joseph their brother. For when
they came into Egypt they were unloosed by the servants of Joseph outside the
gate, and so they made obeisance to Joseph after the 7 fashion of King Pharaoh.
And not only did they make obeisance to him, but were spit upon also, 8 falling
down before him forthwith, and so they were put to shame before the Egyptians.
For after this the Egyptians heard all the evils that they had done to Joseph.
4 1 And after he was sold my brothers sat down 2 to eat and
drink. But I, through pity for Joseph, did not eat, but watched the pit, since
Judah feared lest Simeon, Dan, and Gad should rush 3 off and slay him. But when
they saw that I did not eat, they set me to watch him, till he was 5 sold to
the Ishmaelites. And when Reuben came and heard that while he was away (Joseph)
had been sold, he rent his garments, (and) mourning, said: How shall I look on
the face of my father 6 Jacob? And he took the money and ran after the
merchants, but as he failed to find them he returned grieving. But the
merchants had left the broad road and marched through the Troglodytes by a
short cut. 7 But Reuben was grieved, and eat no food that day. Dan therefore
came to him and said: 8, 9 Weep not, neither grieve; for we have found what we
can say to our father Jacob. Let us slay 10 a kid of the goats, and dip in it
the coat of Joseph; and let us send it to Jacob, saying: Know, is 11 this the
coat of thy son? And they did so. For they stripped off from Joseph his coat
when they were selling him, and put upon him the garment of a slave. Now Simeon
took the coat, and would not give it up, for he wished to rend it with his
sword, as he was angry that Joseph lived and that 12 he had not slain him. Then
we all rose up and said unto him: If thou givest not up the coat, we 13 will
say to our father that thou alone didst this evil thing in Israel. And so he
gave it unto them, and they did even as Dan had said.
5 I And now, my children, I bid you to keep the commands of
the Lord, and to show mercy to your neighbours, and to have compassion towards
all, not towards men only, but also towards, beasts. 2 For all this thing's
sake the Lord blessed me, and when all my brethren were sick, I escaped without
3 sickness, for the Lord knoweth the purposes of each. Have, therefore,
compassion in your hearts, my children, because even as a man doeth to his
neighbour, even so also will the Lord do to him. 4 For the sons of my brethren
were sickening and were dying on account of Joseph, because they 5 showed not
mercy in their hearts; but my sons were preserved without sickness, as ye know.
And when I was in the land of Canaan, by the sea-coast, I made a catch of fish
for Jacob my father; and when many were choked in the sea, I continued unhurt.
6 1 I was the first to make a boat to sail upon the sea, for
the Lord gave me understanding and 2 wisdom therein. And I let down a rudder
behind it, and I stretched a sail upon another upright 3 piece of wood in the midst.
And I sailed therein along the shores, catching fish for the house of my father
until we came to Egypt. 4, 5 [And through compassion I shared my catch with
every stranger. And if a man were a stranger, or sick, or aged, I boiled the
fish, and dressed them well, and offered them to all men, as every man 6 had
need, grieving with and having compassion upon them. Wherefore also the Lord
satisfied me with abundance of fish when catching fish; for he that shareth
with his neighbour receiveth manifold 7 more from the Lord.] For five years I
caught fish [and gave thereof to every man whom I saw, 8 and sufficed for all
the house of my father]. And in the summer I caught fish, and in the winter I
kept sheep with my brethren.
7 1 [Now I will declare unto you what I did. I saw a man in
distress through nakedness in winter time, and had compassion upon him, and
stole away a garment secretly from my father's house, and 2 gave it to him who
was in distress. Do you, therefore, my children, from that which God bestoweth
upon you, show compassion and mercy without hesitation to all men, and give to
every man with 3 a good heart. And if ye have not the wherewithal to give to
him that needeth, have compassion for 4 him in bowels of mercy. I know that my
hand found not the wherewithal to give to him that needed, and I walked with
him weeping for seven furlongs, and my bowels yearned towards him in
compassion.
8 1 Have, therefore, yourselves also, my children,
compassion towards every man with mercy, that the 2 Lord also may have
compassion and mercy upon you. Because also in the last days God will send 3
His compassion on the earth, and wheresoever He findeth bowels of mercy He
dwelleth in him. For in the degree in which a man hath compassion upon his
neighbours, in the same degree hath the 4, 5 Lord also upon him.] And when we
went down into Egypt, Joseph bore no malice against us. To whom taking heed, do
ye also, my children, approve yourselves without malice, and love one 6
another; and do not set down in account, each one of you, evil against his
brother. For this breaketh unity and divideth all kindred, and troubleth the
soul, and weareth away the countenance.
9 1 Observe, therefore, the waters, and know when they flow
together, they sweep along stones, trees, 2 earth, and other things. But if
they are divided into many streams, the earth swalloweth them up, 3, 4 and they
vanish away. So shall ye also be if ye be divided. Be not ye, therefore,
divided into two heads, for everything which the Lord made hath but one head, and
two shoulders, two 5 hands, two feet, and all the remaining members. For I have
learnt in the writing of my fathers, that Ye shall be divided in Israel, And ye
shall follow two kings, And shall work every abomination. 6 And your enemies
shall lead you captive, And ye shall be evil entreated among the Gentiles, With
many infirmities and tribulations. 7 And after these things ye shall remember
the Lord, and repent, [And He shall cause you to return]; for He is merciful
and compassionate. And He setteth not down in account evil to the sons of men,
because they are flesh, And the spirits of deceit deceive them in all their
deeds. 8 And after these things there shall arise unto you the Lord Himself,
the light of righteousness, [And healing and compassion shall be in His wings.
He shall redeem all the captivity of the sons of men from Beliar; And every
spirit of deceit shall be trodden down]; And he shall bring back all the
Gentiles into zeal for Him. And ye shall return unto your land. And ye shall
see Him in Jerusalem, for His name's sake. 9 And again through the wickedness
of your works shall ye provoke Him to anger, And ye shall be cast away by Him
unto the time of consummation.
10 1 And now, my children, grieve not that I am dying, nor
be cast down in that I am coming to my 2 end. For I shall rise again in the
midst of you, as a ruler in the midst of his sons; and I shall rejoice in the
midst of my tribe, as many as shall keep the law of the Lord, and the
commandments 3 of Zebulun their father. But upon the ungodly shall the Lord
bring eternal fire, and destroy them 4, 5 throughout all generations. But I am
now hastening away to my rest, as did also my fathers. But 6 do ye fear the
Lord our God with all your strength all the days of your life. And when he had
7 said these things he fell asleep, at a good old age. And his sons laid him in
a wooden coffin. And afterwards they carried him up and buried him in Hebron,
with his fathers.
THE TESTAMENT OF
DAN, THE SEVENTH SON OF JACOB AND BILHAH.
1 1 The copy of the words of Dan, which he spake to his sons
in his last days, in the hundred and 2 twenty-fifth year of his life. For he
called together his family, and said: Hearken to my words, ye 3 sons of Dan;
and give heed to the words of your father. I have proved in my heart, and in my
whole life, that truth with just dealing is good and well pleasing to God, and
that lying and anger 4 are evil, because they teach man all wickedness. I
confess, therefore, this day to you, my children, 5 that in my heart I resolved
on the death of Joseph my brother, the true and good man. [And 6 I rejoiced
that he was sold, because his father loved him more than us.] For the spirit of
jealousy 7 and vainglory said to me: Thou thyself also art his son. And one of
the spirits of Beliar stirred me up, saying: Take this sword, and with it slay
Joseph: so shall thy father love thee when he is dead. 8 Now this is the spirit
of anger that persuaded me to crush Joseph as a leopard crusheth a kid. 9 But
the God of my fathers did not suffer him to fall into my hands, so that I
should find him alone and slay him, and cause a second tribe to be destroyed in
Israel.
2 1 And now, my children, behold I am dying, and I tell you
of a truth, that unless ye keep yourselves from the spirit of lying and of
anger, and love truth and longsuffering, ye shall perish. 2 For anger is
blindness, and does not suffer one to see the face of any man with truth. 3 For
though it be a father or a mother, he behaveth towards them as enemies; though
it be a brother, he knoweth him not; though it be a prophet of the Lord, he
disobeyeth him; though 4 a righteous man, he regardeth him not; though a
friend, he doth not acknowledge him. For the spirit of anger encompasseth him
with the net of deceit, and blindeth his eyes, and through lying 5 darkeneth
his mind, and giveth him its own peculiar vision. And wherewith encompasseth it
his eyes? With hatred of heart, so as to be envious of his brother.
3 1 For anger is an evil thing, my children, for it
troubleth even the soul itself. And the body of the angry man it maketh its
own, and over his soul it getteth the mastery, and 3 it bestoweth upon the body
power that it may work all iniquity. And when the body does all 4 these things,
the soul justifieth what is done, since it seeth not aright. Therefore he that
is wrathful, if he be a mighty man, hath a threefold power in his anger: one by
the help of his servants; and a second by his wealth, whereby he persuadeth and
overcometh wrongfully; and thirdly, having his 5 own natural power he worketh
thereby the evil. And though the wrathful man be weak, yet hath 6 he a power
twofold of that which is by nature; for wrath ever aideth such in lawlessness.
This spirit goeth always with lying at the right hand of Satan, that with
cruelty and lying his works may be wrought.
4 1, 2 Understand ye, therefore, the power of wrath, that it
is vain. For it first of all giveth provocation by word; then by deeds it
strengtheneth him who is angry, and with sharp losses disturbeth his 3 mind,
and so stirreth up with great wrath his soul. Therefore, when any one speaketh
against you, be not ye moved to anger, [and if any man praiseth you as holy
men, be not uplifted: be not moved 4 either to delight or to disgust]. For
first it pleaseth the hearing, and so maketh the mind keen to perceive the
grounds for provocation; and then being enraged, he thinketh that he is justly
angry 5 If ye fall into any loss or ruin, my children, be not afflicted; for
this very spirit maketh (a man) 6 desire that which is perishable, in order
that he may be enraged through the affliction. And if ye suffer loss
voluntarily, or involuntarily, be not vexed; for from vexation ariseth wrath
with lying. 7 Moreover, a twofold mischief is wrath with lying; and they assist
one another in order to disturb the heart; and when the soul is continually
disturbed, the Lord departeth from it, and Beliar ruleth over it.
5 1 Observe, therefore, my children, the commandments of the
Lord, And keep His law; Depart from wrath, And hate lying, That the Lord may
dwell among you, And Beliar may flee from you. 2 Speak truth each one with his
neighbour. So shall ye not fall into wrath and confusion; But ye shall be in
peace, having the God of peace, So shall no war prevail over you. 3 Love the
Lord through all your life, And one another with a true heart. 4 I know that in
the last days ye shall depart from the Lord, And ye shall provoke Levi unto
anger, And fight against Judah; But ye shall not prevail against them, For an
angel of the Lord shall guide them both; For by them shall Israel stand. 5 And
whensoever ye depart from the Lord, ye shall walk in all evil and work the
abominations of the Gentiles, going a-whoring after women of the lawless ones,
while with all wickedness the spirits 6 of wickedness work in you. [For I have
read in the book of Enoch, the righteous, that your prince is Satan, and that
all the spirits of wickedness and pride will conspire to attend constantly on
the sons of Levi, to cause them to sin before the Lord. 7 And my sons will draw
near to Levi. And sin with them in all things; And the sons of Judah will be
covetous, Plundering other men's goods like lions.] 8 Therefore shall ye be led
away [with them] into captivity, And there shall ye receive all the plagues of
Egypt, And all the evils of the Gentiles. 9 And so when ye return to the Lord
ye shall obtain mercy, And He shall bring you into His sanctuary, And He shall
give you peace. 10 And there shall arise unto you from the tribe of [Judah and
of] Levi the salvation of the Lord; And he shall make war against Beliar. And
execute an everlasting vengeance on our enemies; 11 And the captivity shall he
take from Beliar [the souls of the saints], And turn disobedient hearts unto
the Lord, And give to them that call upon him eternal peace. 12 And the saints
shall rest in Eden, And in the New Jerusalem shall the righteous rejoice, And
it shall be unto the glory of God for ever. 13 And no longer shall Jerusalem
endure desolation, Nor Israel be led captive; For the Lord shall be in the
midst of it [living amongst men], And the Holy One of Israel shall reign over
it [in humility and in poverty; and he who believeth on Him shall reign amongst
men in truth].
6 1, 2 And now, fear the Lord, my children, and beware of
Satan and his spirits. Draw near unto God and unto the angel that intercedeth
for you, for he is a mediator between God and man, and for the 3 peace of
Israel he shall stand up against the kingdom of the enemy. Therefore is the
enemy eager 4 to destroy all that call upon the Lord. For he knoweth that upon
the day on which Israel shall 5 repent, the kingdom of the enemy shall be
brought to an end. For the very angel of peace shall 6 strengthen Israel, that
it fall not into the extremity of evil. And it shall be in the time of the
lawlessness of Israel, that the Lord will not depart from them, but will
transform them into a nation 7 that doeth His will, for none of the angels will
be equal unto him. And His name shall be in every place in Israel, and among
the Gentiles. 8 Keep, therefore, yourselves, my children, from every evil work,
And cast away wrath and all lying, And love truth and long-suffering. 9 And the
things which ye have heard from your father, do ye also impart to your children
[that the Saviour of the Gentiles may receive you; for he is true and
long-suffering, meek and lowly, and 10 teacheth by his works the law of God].
Depart, therefore, from all unrighteousness, and cleave unto the righteousness
of God, and your race will be saved for ever. And bury me near my fathers.
7 1, 2 And when he had said these things he kissed them, and
fell asleep at a good old age. And his sons buried him, And after that they
carried up his bones, and placed them near Abraham, and 3 Isaac, and Jacob.
[Nevertheless, Dan prophesied unto them that they should forget their God, and
should be alienated from the land of their inheritance and from the race of
Israel, and from the family of their seed.]
THE TESTAMENT OF
NAPHTALI, THE EIGHTH SON OF JACOB AND BILHAH.
1 1 The copy of the testament of Naphtali, which he ordained
at the time of his death in the hundred 2 and thirtieth year of his life. When
his sons were gathered together in the seventh month, on the 3 first day of the
month, while still in good health, he made them a feast of food and wine. And
after 4 he was awake in the morning, he said to them, I am dying; and they
believed him not. And as he 5 glorified the Lord, he grew strong and said that
after yesterday's feast he should die. And he began 6 then to say: Hear, my
children, ye sons of Naphtali, hear the words of your father. I was born from
Bilhah, and because Rachel dealt craftily, and gave Bilhah in place of herself
to Jacob, and she 7 conceived and bare me upon Rachel's knees, therefore she
called my name Naphtali. For Rachel loved me very much because I was born upon
her lap; and when I was still young she was wont 8 to kiss me, and say: May I
have a brother of thine from mine own womb, like unto thee. Whence 9 also
Joseph was like unto me in all things, according to the prayers of Rachel. Now
my mother was Bilhah, daughter of Rotheus the brother of Deborah, Rebecca's
nurse, who was born on one and 10 the self-same day with Rachel. And Rotheus
was of the family of Abraham, a Chaldean, God 11 fearing, free-born, and noble.
And he was taken captive and was bought by Laban; and he gave him Euna his
handmaid to wife, and she bore a daughter, and called her name Zilpah, after
the name 12 of the village in which he had been taken captive. And next she
bore Bilhah, saying: My daughter hastens after what is new, for immediately
that she was born she seized the breast and hastened to suck it.
2 1 And I was swift on my feet like the deer, and my father
Jacob appointed me for all messages, 2 and as a deer did he give me his
blessing. For as the potter knoweth the vessel, how much it is to contain, and
bringeth clay accordingly, so also doth the Lord make the body after the
likeness of 3 the spirit, and according to the capacity of the body doth He
implant the spirit. And the one does not fall short of the other by a third
part of a hair; for by weight, and measure, and rule was all the 4 creation
made. And as the potter knoweth the use of each vessel, what it is meet for, so
also doth the Lord know the body, how far it will persist in goodness, and when
it beginneth in evil. For 5 there is no inclination or thought which the Lord
knoweth not, for He created every man after His own image. 6 As a man's
strength, so also is his work; and as his mind, so also is his skill; and as
his purpose, so also is his achievement; and as his heart, so also is his
mouth; as his eye, so also is his sleep; as his soul, so also is his word,
either in the law of the Lord or in the works of Beliar. 7 And as there is a
division between light and darkness, between seeing and hearing, so also is
there a division between man and man, and between woman and woman; and it is
not to be said that the 8 one is like the other either in face or in mind. For
God made all things good in their order, the five senses in the head, and He
joined on the neck to the head, adding to it the hair also for comeliness and
glory, then the heart for understanding, the belly for excrement, and the
stomach for (grinding), the windpipe for taking in (the breath), the liver for
wrath, the gall for bitterness, the spleen for laughter, the reins for
prudence, the muscles of the loins for power, the lungs for drawing 9 in, the
loins for strength, and so forth. So then, my children, let all your works be
done in order 10 with good intent in the fear of God, and do nothing disorderly
in scorn or out of its due season. For if thou bid the eye to hear, it cannot;
so neither while ye are in darkness can ye do the works of light.
3 1 Be ye, therefore, not eager to corrupt your doings
through covetousness or with vain words to beguile your souls; because if ye
keep silence in purity of heart, ye shall understand how to hold 2 fast the
will of God, and to cast away the will of Beliar. Sun and moon and stars change
not their 3 order; so do ye also change not the law of God in the
disorderliness of your doings. The Gentiles went astray, and forsook the Lord,
and changed their order, and obeyed stocks and stones, spirits of 4 deceit. But
ye shall not be so, my children, recognizing in the firmament, in the earth, and
in the sea, and in all created things, the Lord who made all things, that ye
become not as Sodom, which 5 changed the order of nature. In like manner the
Watchers also changed the order of their nature, whom the Lord cursed at the
flood, on whose account He made the earth without inhabitants and fruitless.
4 1 These things I say unto you, my children, for I have
read in the writing of Enoch that ye yourselves also shall depart from the
Lord, walking according to all the lawlessness of the Gentiles, and 2 ye shall
do according to all the wickedness of Sodom. And the Lord shall bring captivity
upon you, and there shall ye serve your enemies, and ye shall be bowed down
with every affliction and 3 tribulation, until the Lord have consumed you all.
And after ye have become minished and made few, ye shall return and acknowledge
the Lord your God; and He shall bring you back into your 4 land, according to
His abundant mercy. And it shall be, that after that they come into the land of
5 their fathers, they shall again forget the Lord and become ungodly. And the
Lord shall scatter them upon the face of all the earth, until the compassion of
the Lord shall come, a man working righteousness and working mercy unto all
them that are afar off, and to them that are near.
5 1 For in the fortieth year of my life, I saw a vision on
the Mount of Olives, on the east of Jerusalem, 2 that the sun and the moon were
standing still. And behold Isaac, the father of my father, said to us; Run and
lay hold of them, each one according to his strength; and to him that seizeth
them 3 will the sun and moon belong . And we all of us ran together, and Levi
laid hold of the sun, and Judah outstripped the others and seized the moon, and
they were both of them lifted up with them. 4 And when Levi became as a sun,
lo, a certain young man gave to him twelve branches of palm; 5 and Judah was
bright as the moon, and under their feet were twelve rays. [And the two, Levi
and 6 Judah, ran, and laid hold of them.] And 10, a bull upon the earth, with
two great horns, and an 7 eagle's wings upon its back; and we wished to seize
him; but could not. But Joseph came, and 8 seized him, and ascended up with him
on high. And I saw, for I was there, and behold a holy writing appeared to us,
saying: Assyrians, Medes, Persians, [Chaldeans,] Syrians, shall possess in
captivity the twelve tribes of Israel.
6 1 And again, after seven days, I saw our father Jacob
standing by the sea of Jamnia, and we were 2 with him. And behold, there came a
ship sailing by, without sailors or pilot; and there was written 3 upon the
ship, The Ship of Jacob. And our father said to us: Come, let us embark on our
ship. 4 And when he had gone on board, there arose a vehement storm, and a
mighty tempest of wind; and 5 our father, who was holding the helm, departed
from us. And we, being tossed with the tempest, were borne along over the sea;
and the ship was filled with water, (and was) pounded by mighty waves, 6 until
it was broken up. And Joseph fled away upon a little boat, and we were all divided
upon nine 7 planks, and Levi and Judah were together. And we were all scattered
unto the ends of the earth. 8, 9 Then Levi, girt about with sackcloth, prayed
for us all unto the Lord. And when the storm ceased, the ship reached the land
as it were in peace. And, 10, our father came, and we all rejoiced with one
accord.
7 1 These two dreams I told to my father; and he said to me:
These things must be fulfilled in their season, after that Israel hath endured
many things. 2 Then my father saith unto me: I believe God that Joseph liveth,
for I see always that the Lord numbereth him with you, 3 And he said, weeping:
Ah me, my son Joseph, thou livest, though I behold thee not, and thou seest not
Jacob that begat thee. 4 He caused me also, therefore, to weep by these words,
and I burned in my heart to declare that Joseph had been sold, but I feared my
brethren.
8 1 And lo! my children, I have shown unto you the last
times, how everything shall come to pass in 2 Israel. Do ye also, therefore,
charge your children that they be united to Levi and to Judah; For through them
shall salvation arise unto Israel, And in them shall Jacob be blessed. 3 For
through their tribes shall God appear [dwelling among men] on earth, To save
the race of Israel, And to gather together the righteous from amongst the
Gentiles. 4 If ye work that which is good, my children, Both men and angels
shall bless you; And God shall be glorified among the Gentiles through you, And
the devil shall flee from you, And the wild beasts shall fear you, And the Lord
shall love you, [And the angels shall cleave to you]. 5 As a man who has
trained a child well is kept in kindly remembrance: So also for a good work
there is a good remembrance before God. 6 But him that doeth not that which is
good, Both angels and men shall curse, And God shall be dishonoured among the
Gentiles through him, And the devil shall make him as his own peculiar
instrument, And every wild beast shall master him, And the Lord shall hate him.
7 For the commandments of the law are twofold, And through prudence must they
be fulfilled. 8 For there is a season for a man to embrace his wife, And a
season to abstain therefrom for his prayer. 9 So, then, there are two
commandments; and, unless they be done in due order, they bring very 10 great
sin upon men. So also is it with the other commandments. Be ye therefore wise
in God, my Children, and prudent, understanding the order of His commandments,
and the laws of every word, that the Lord may love you.
9 1 And when he had charged them with many such words, he
exhorted them that they should 2 remove his bones to Hebron, and that they
should bury him with his fathers. And when he had 3 eaten and drunken with a
merry heart, he covered his face and died. And his sons did according to all that
Naphtali their father had commanded them.
THE TESTAMENT OF
GAD THE NINTH SON OF JACOB AND ZILPAH.
1 1 The copy of the testament of Gad, what things he spake
unto his sons, in the hundred and twenty 2 fifth year of his life, saying unto
them: Hearken, my children, I was the ninth son born to Jacob, 3 and I was
valiant in keeping the flocks. Accordingly I guarded at night the flock; and
whenever the lion came, or the wolf, or any wild beast against the fold, I
pursued it, and overtaking (it) 4 I seized its foot with my hand and hurled it
about a stone's throw, and so killed it. Now Joseph my brother was feeding the
flock with us for upwards of thirty days, and being young, he fell sick 5 by
reason of the heat. And he returned to Hebron to our father, who made him lie
down near him, 6 because he loved him greatly. And Joseph told our father that
the sons of Zilpah and Bilhah were slaying the best of the flock and eating
them against the judgement of Reuben and Judah. 7 For he saw that I had
delivered a lamb out of the mouth of a bear, and put the bear to death; but 8
had slain the lamb, being grieved concerning it that it could not live, and
that we had eaten it. And 9 regarding this matter I was wroth with Joseph until
the day that he was sold, And the spirit of hatred was in me, and I wished not
either to hear of Joseph with the ears, or see him with the eyes because he
rebuked us to our faces saying that we were eating of the flock without Judah.
For whatsoever things he told our father, he believed him.
2 1 I confess now my sin, my children, that oftentimes I
wished to kill him, because I hated him from 2 my heart. Moreover, I hated him
yet more for his dreams; and I wished to lick him out of the land of the
living, even as an ox licketh up the grass of the field. 3 Therefore I and
Simeon sold him to the Ishmaelites [for thirty pieces of gold, and ten of them
we hid, and showed the twenty to our brethren] 4 And thus through covetousness
we were bent on slaying him. 5 And the God of my fathers delivered him from my
hands, that I should not work lawlessness in Israel.
3 1 And now, my children, hearken to the words of truth to
work righteousness, and all the law of the Most High, and go not astray through
the spirit of hatred, for it is evil in all the doings of 2 men. Whatsoever a
man doeth the hater abominateth him: and though a man worketh the law of the
Lord, he praiseth him not; though a man feareth the Lord, and taketh pleasure
in that which is 3 righteous, he loveth him not. He dispraiseth the truth, he envieth
him that prospereth, he welcometh evil-speaking, he loveth arrogance, for
hatred blindeth his soul; as I also then looked on Joseph.
4 I Beware, therefore, my children of hatred; for it worketh
lawlessness even against the Lord Himself. 2 For it will not hear the words of
His commandments concerning the loving of one's neighbour, 3 and it sinneth
against God. For if a brother stumble, it delighteth immediately to proclaim it
to all men, and is urgent that he should be judged for it, and be punished and
be put to death. 4 And if it be a servant it stirreth him up against his
master, and with every affliction it deviseth against 5 him if possibly he can
be put to death, For hatred worketh with envy also against them that prosper:
so long as it heareth of or seeth their success, it always languisheth. 6 For
as love would quicken even the dead, and would call back them that are
condemned to die, so hatred would slay the living, and those that had sinned
venially it would not suffer to live. 7 For the spirit of hatred worketh
together with Satan, through hastiness of spirit, in all things to men's death;
but the spirit of love worketh together with the law of God in long-suffering
unto the salvation of men.
5 1 Hatred, therefore, is evil, for it constantly mateth
with lying, speaking against the truth; and it maketh small things to be great,
and causeth the light to be darkness, and calleth the sweet bitter, and
teacheth slander, and kindleth wrath, and stirreth up war, and violence and all
covetousness; 2 it filleth the heart with evils and devilish poison. These
things, therefore, I say to you from experience, my children, that ye may drive
forth hatred, which is of the devil, and cleave to 3 the love of God.
Righteousness casteth out hatred, humility destroyeth envy. For he that is just
and humble is ashamed to do what is unjust, being reproved not of another, but
of his own heart, 4 because the Lord looketh on his inclination. He speaketh
not against a holy man, because the fear 5 of God overcometh hatred. For
fearing lest he should offend the Lord, he will not do wrong to any 6, 7 man,
even in thought. These things I learnt at last, after I had repented concerning
Joseph. For true repentance after a godly sort [destroyeth ignorance, and]
driveth away the darkness, and 8 enlighteneth the eyes, and giveth knowledge to
the soul, and leadeth the mind to salvation. And 9 those things which it hath not
learnt from man, it knoweth through repentance. For God brought upon me a
disease of the liver; and had not the prayers of Jacob my father succoured me,
it had 10 hardly failed but my spirit had departed, For by what things a man
transgresseth, by the same also 11 is he punished. Since, therefore, my liver
was set mercilessly against Joseph, in my liver too I suffered mercilessly, and
was judged for eleven months, for so long a time as I had been angry against
Joseph.
6 1 And now, my children, I exhort you, love ye each one his
brother, and put away hatred from 2 your hearts, love one another in deed, and
in word, and in the inclination of the soul. For in the presence of my father I
spake peaceably to Joseph; and when I had gone out, the spirit of hatred
darkened my mind, and stirred up my soul to slay him. 3 Love ye, therefore, one
another from the heart; and if a man sin against thee, cast forth the poison of
hate and speak peaceably to him, and in thy soul hold not guile; and if he
confess and repent, forgive him. 4 But if he deny it, do not get into a passion
with him, lest catching the poison from thee he take 5 to swearing and so thou
sin doubly. [Let not another man hear thy secrets when engaged in legal strife,
lest he come to hate thee and become thy enemy, and commit a great sin against
thee; for 6 ofttimes he addresseth thee guilefully or busieth himself about
thee with wicked intent.] And though he deny it and yet have a sense of shame
when reproved, give over reproving him. For he who denieth may repent so as not
again to wrong thee; yea, he may also honour thee, and [fear 7 and] be at peace
with thee And if he be shameless and persist in his wrong-doing, even so
forgive him from the heart, and leave to God the avenging.
7 1 If a man prospereth more than you, do not be vexed, but
pray also for him, that he may have 2 perfect prosperity. For so it is
expedient for you. And if he be further exalted, be not envious of him,
remembering that all flesh shall die; and offer praise to God, who giveth things
good and 3 profitable to all men. Seek out the judgements of the Lord, and thy
mind will rest and be at peace. 4 And though a man become rich by evil means,
even as Esau, the brother of my father, be not jealous; 5 but wait for the end
of the Lord. For if he taketh away (from a man) wealth gotten by evil 6 means
He forgiveth him if he repent, but the unrepentant is reserved for eternal
punishment. For the poor man, if free from envy he pleaseth the Lord in all
things, is blessed beyond all men, because 7 he hath not the travail of vain
men. Put away, therefore, jealousy from your souls, and love one another with
uprightness of heart.
8 1 Do ye also therefore tell these things to your children,
that they honour Judah and Levi, for from 2 them shall the Lord raise up
salvation to Israel. [For I know that at the last your children shall depart
from Him, and shall walk in all wickedness, and affliction and corruption
before the Lord.] 3 And when he had rested for a little while, he said again;
My children, obey your father, and bury 4, 5 me near to my fathers. And he drew
up his feet, and fell asleep in peace. And after five years they carried him up
to Hebron, and laid him with his fathers.
THE TESTAMENT OF
ASHER, THE TENTH SON OF JACOB AND ZILPAH.
1 1 The copy of the Testament of Asher, what things he spake
to his sons in the hundred and 2 twenty-fifth year of his life. For while he
was still in health, he said to them: Hearken, ye children of Asher, to your
father, and I will declare to you all that is upright in the sight of the Lord.
3 Two ways hath God given to the sons of men, and two inclinations, and two
kinds of action, and 4 two modes (of action), and two issues. Therefore all
things are by twos, one over against the 5 other. For there are two ways of
good and evil, and with these are the two inclinations in our 6 breasts
discriminating them. Therefore if the soul take pleasure in the good
(inclination), all its 7 actions are in righteousness; and if it sin it
straightway repenteth. For, having its thoughts set upon righteousness, and
casting away wickedness, it straightway overthroweth the evil, and uprooteth 8
the sin. But if it incline to the evil inclination, all its actions are in
wickedness, and it driveth away the good, and cleaveth to the evil, and is
ruled by Beliar; even though it work what is good, 9 he perverteth it to evil.
For whenever it beginneth to do good, he forceth the issue of the action into
evil for him, seeing that the treasure of the inclination is filled with an
evil spirit.
2 1 A person then may with words help the good for the sake
of the evil, yet the issue of the action 2 leadeth to mischief. There is a man
who showeth no compassion upon him who serveth his turn in 3 evil; and this
thing hath two aspects, but the whole is evil. And there is a man that loveth
him that worketh evil, because he would prefer even to die in evil for his
sake; and concerning this it is clear that it hath two aspects, but the whole
is an evil work. 4 Though indeed he have love, yet is he wicked who concealeth
what is evil for the sake of the good name, but the end of the action tendeth
unto evil. 5 Another stealeth, doeth unjustly, plundereth, defraudeth, and
withal pitieth the poor: this too 6 hath a twofold aspect, but the whole is
evil. He who defraudeth his neighbour provoketh God, and sweareth falsely
against the Most High, and yet pitieth the poor: the Lord who commandeth the 7
law he setteth at nought and provoketh, and yet he refresheth the poor. He
defileth the soul, and maketh gay the body; he killeth many, and pitieth a few:
this, too, hath a twofold aspect, but the 8 whole is evil. Another committeth
adultery and fornication, and abstaineth from meats, and when he fasteth he
doeth evil, and by the power of his wealth overwhelmeth many; and
notwithstanding his excessive wickedness he doeth the commandments: this, too,
hath a twofold aspect, but the 9 whole is evil. Such men are hares; clean,-
like those that divide the hoof, but in very deed are 10 unclean. For God in
the tables of the commandments hath thus declared.
3 1 But do not ye, my children, wear two faces like unto
them, of goodness and of wickedness; but 2 cleave unto goodness only, for God
hath his habitation therein, and men desire it. But from wickedness flee away,
destroying the (evil) inclination by your good works; for they that are
double-faced serve not God, but their own lusts, so that they may please Beliar
and men like unto themselves.
4 1 For good men, even they that are of single face, though
they be thought by them that are double 2 faced to sin, are just before God.
For many in killing the wicked do two works, of good and evil; 3 but the whole
is good, because he hath uprooted and destroyed that which is evil. One man
hateth the merciful and unjust man, and the man who committeth adultery and
fasteth: this, too, hath a two fold aspect, but the whole work is good, because
he followeth the Lord's example, in that he 4 accepteth not the seeming good as
the genuine good. Another desireth not to see a good day with them that riot,
lest he defile his body and pollute his soul: this, too, is double-faced, but
the whole is 5 good. For such men are like to stags and to hinds, because in
the manner of wild animals they seem to be unclean, but they are altogether
clean; because they walk in zeal for the Lord and abstain from what God also
hateth and forbiddeth by His commandments, warding off the evil from the good.
5 1 Ye see, my children, how that there are two in all
things, one against the other, and the one is hidden by the other: in wealth
(is hidden) covetousness, in conviviality drunkenness, in laughter 2 grief, in
wedlock profligacy. Death succeedeth to life, dishonour to glory, night to day,
and darkness to light; [and all things are under the day, just things under life,
unjust things under 3 death;] wherefore also eternal life awaiteth death. Nor
may it be said that truth is a lie, nor 4 right wrong; for all truth is under
the light, even as all things are under God. All these things, therefore, I
proved in my life, and I wandered not from the truth of the Lord, and I
searched out the commandments of the Most High, walking according to all my
strength with singleness of face unto that which is good.
6 1 Take heed, therefore, ye also, my children, to the
commandments of the Lord, following the truth 2 with singleness of face. For
they that are double-faced are guilty of a twofold sin; for they both do the
evil thing and they have pleasure in them that do it, following the example of
the spirits of 3 deceit, and striving against mankind. Do ye, therefore, my
children, keep the law of the Lord, and give not heed unto evil as unto good;
but look unto the thing that is really good, and keep it in all 4 commandments
of the Lord, having your conversation therein, and resting therein. For the
latter ends of men do show their righteousness (or unrighteousness), when they
meet the angels of the 5 Lord and of Satan. For when the soul departs troubled,
it is tormented by the evil spirit which also it served in lusts and evil works.
6 But if he is peaceful with joy he meeteth the angel of peace, and he leadeth
him into eternal life.
7 1 Become not, my children, as Sodom, which sinned against
the angels of the Lord, and perished for 2 ever. For I know that ye shall sin,
and be delivered into the hands of your enemies; and your land shall be made
desolate, and your holy places destroyed, and ye shall be scattered unto the
four 3 corners of the earth. And ye shall be set at nought in the dispersion
vanishing away as water. Until the Most High shall visit the earth, coming
Himself [as man, with men eating and drinking, and breaking the head of the
dragon in the water. He shall save Israel and all the Gentiles [God speaking in
4 the person of man]. [Therefore do ye also, my children, tell these things to
your children, that they 5 disobey Him not. For I have known that ye shall
assuredly be disobedient, and assuredly act ungodly, not giving heed to the law
of God, but to the commandments of men, being corrupted 6 through wickedness.
And therefore shall ye be scattered as Gad and Dan my brethren, and ye shall 7
know not your lands, tribe, and tongue. But the Lord will gather you together
in faith through His tender mercy, and for the sake of Abraham, Isaac, and
Jacob.]
8 1 And when he had said these things unto them he commanded
them, saying: Bury me in Hebron. 2 And he fell asleep and died at a good old
age. And his sons did as he had commanded them, and they carried him up to
Hebron, and buried him with his fathers.
THE TESTAMENT OF
JOSEPH, THE ELEVENTH SON OF JACOB AND RACHEL.
1 1 The copy of the Testament of Joseph. When he was about
to die he called his sons and his brethren together, and said to them:-- 2 My
brethren and my children, Hearken to Joseph the beloved of Israel; Give ear, my
sons, unto your father. 3 I have seen in my life envy and death, Yet I went not
astray, but persevered in the truth of the Lord. 4 These my brethren hated me,
but the Lord loved me: They wished to slay me, but the God of my fathers
guarded me: They let me down into a pit, and the Most High brought me up again.
5 I was sold into slavery, and the Lord of all made me free: I was taken into
captivity, and His strong hand succoured me. I was beset with hunger, and the
Lord Himself nourished me. 6 I was alone, and God comforted me: I was sick, and
the Lord visited me: I was in prison, and my God showed favour unto me; In
bonds, and He released me; 7 Slandered, and He pleaded my cause; Bitterly
spoken against by the Egyptians, and He delivered me; Envied by my
fellow-slaves, and He exalted me.
2 1, 2 And this chief captain of Pharaoh entrusted to me his
house. And I struggled against a shameless woman, urging me to transgress with
her; but the God of Israel my father delivered me from 3 the burning flame. I
was cast into prison, I was beaten, I was mocked; but the Lord granted me to
find mercy in the sight of the keeper of the prison. 4 For the Lord doth not
forsake them that fear Him, Neither in darkness, nor in bonds, nor in
tribulations, nor in necessities. 5 For God is not put to shame as a man, Nor
as the son of man is he afraid, Nor as one that is earth-born is He [weak or]
affrighted. 6 But in all those things doth He give protection, And in divers
ways doth He comfort, (Though) for a little space He departeth to try the
inclination of the soul. 7 In ten temptations He showed me approved, And in all
of them I endured; For endurance is a mighty charm, And patience giveth many
good things.
3 1 How often did the Egyptian woman threaten me with death!
How often did she give me over to punishment, and then call me back and
threaten me, and when I was unwilling to company with 2 her, she said to me:
Thou shalt be lord of me, and all that is in my house, if thou wilt give
thyself 3 unto me, and thou shalt be as our master. But I remembered the words
of my father, and going 4 into my chamber, I wept and prayed unto the Lord. And
I fasted in those seven years, and I appeared to the Egyptians as one living
delicately, for they that fast for God's sake receive beauty of face. 5 And if
my lord were away from home, I drank no wine; nor for three days did I take my
food, but 6 I gave it to the poor and sick. And I sought the Lord early, and I
wept for the Egyptian woman of Memphis, for very unceasingly did she trouble
me, for also at night she came to me under pretence of visiting me. 7 And
because she had no male child she pretended to regard me as a son, and so I
prayed to the Lord, and she bare a male child. 8 And for a time she embraced me
as a son, and I knew it not; but later, she sought to draw me 9 into
fornication. And when I perceived it I sorrowed unto death; and when she had
gone out, I came to myself, and lamented for her many days, because I
recognized her guile and her deceit. 10 And I declared unto her the words of
the Most High, if haply she would turn from her evil lust.
4 1 Often, therefore, did she flatter me with words as a
holy man, and guilefully in her talk praise my 2 chastity before her husband,
while desiring to ensnare me when we were alone. For she lauded me openly as
chaste, and in secret she said unto me: Fear not my husband; for he is
persuaded concerning 3 thy chastity: for even should one tell him concerning
us, he would not believe. Owing to all these things I lay upon the ground, and
besought God that the Lord would deliver me from her 4 deceit. And when she had
prevailed nothing thereby, she came again to me under the plea of 5
instruction, that she might learn the word of God. And she said unto me: If
thou willest that I should leave my idols, lie with me, and I will persuade my
husband to depart from his idols, and 6 we will walk in the law of thy Lord.
And I said unto her: The Lord willeth not that those who reverence Him should
be in uncleanness, nor doth He take pleasure in them that commit adultery, 7
but in those that approach Him with a pure heart and undefiled lips. But she
held her peace, 8 longing to accomplish her evil desire. And I gave myself yet
more to fasting and prayer, that the Lord might deliver me from her.
5 1 And again, at another time she said unto me: If thou
wilt not commit adultery, I will kill my 2 husband by poison; and take thee to
be my husband. I therefore, when I heard this, rent my garments, and said unto
her: Woman, reverence God, and do not this evil deed, lest thou be 3 destroyed;
for know indeed that I will declare this thy device unto all men. She
therefore, being 4 afraid, besought that I would not declare this device. And
she departed soothing me with gifts, and sending to me every delight of the
sons of men.
6 1, 2 And afterwards she sent me food mingled with
enchantments. And when the eunuch who brought it came, I looked up and beheld a
terrible man giving me with the dish a sword, and 3 I perceived that (her)
scheme was to beguile me. And when he had gone out I wept, nor did 4 I taste
that or any other of her food. So then after one day she came to me and
observed the food, 5 and said unto me: Why is it that thou hast not eaten of
the food? And I said unto her: It is because thou hast filled it with deadly
enchantments; and how saidst thou: I come not near to 6 idols, but to the Lord
alone. Now therefore know that the God of my father hath revealed unto me by
His angel thy wickedness, and I have kept it to convict thee, if haply thou
mayst see and repent. 7 But that thou mayst learn that the wickedness of the
ungodly hath no power over them that worship God with chastity, behold I will
take of it and eat before thee. And having so said, I prayed thus: The God of
my fathers and the angel of Abraham, be with me; and ate. 8 And when she saw
this she fell upon her face at my feet, weeping; and I raised her up and
admonished her. And she promised to do this iniquity no more.
7 1 But her heart was still set upon evil, and she looked
around how to ensnare me, and sighing deeply she became downcast, though she
was not sick. 2 And when her husband saw her, he said unto her: Why is thy
countenance fallen? And she said unto him: I have a pain at my heart, and the
groanings of my spirit oppress me; and so 3 he comforted her who was not sick.
Then, accordingly seizing an opportunity, she rushed unto me while her husband
was yet without, and said unto me: I will hang myself, or cast myself over a
cliff, 4 if thou wilt not lie with me. And when I saw the spirit of Beliar was
troubling her, I prayed unto 5 the Lord, and said unto her: Why, wretched
woman, art thou troubled and disturbed, blinded through, sins? Remember that if
thou kill thyself, Asteho, the concubine of thy husband, thy rival, 6 will beat
thy children, and thou wilt destroy thy memorial from off the earth. And she
said unto me: Lo, then thou lovest me; let this suffice me: only strive for my
life and my children, and 7 I expect that I shall enjoy my desire also. But she
knew not that because of my lord I spake 8 thus, and not because of her. For if
a man hath fallen before the passion of a wicked desire and become enslaved by
it, even as she, whatever good thing he may hear with regard to that passion,
he receiveth it with a view to his wicked desire.
8 1 I declare, therefore, unto you, my children, that it was
about the sixth hour when she departed from me; and I knelt before the Lord all
day, and all the night; and about dawn I rose up, weeping 2 the while and
praying for a release from her. At last, then, she laid hold of my garments,
forcibly dragging me to have connexion with her. 3 When, therefore, I saw that
in her madness she was holding fast to my garment, I left it behind, and fled
away naked. 4 And holding fast to the garment she falsely accused me, and when
her husband came he cast me into prison in his house; and on the morrow he
scourged me and sent me into Pharaoh's prison. 5 And when I was in bonds, the
Egyptian woman was oppressed with grief, and she came and heard how I gave
thanks unto the Lord and sang praises in the abode of darkness, and with glad
voice rejoiced, glorifying my God that I was delivered from the lustful desire
of the Egyptian woman.
9 1 And often hath she sent unto me saying: Consent to
fulfill my desire, and I will release thee from thy bonds, and I will free thee
from the darkness. And not even in thought did I incline unto 2 her. For God
loveth him who in a den of wickedness combines fasting with chastity, rather
than the man who in kings' chambers combines luxury with licence. And if a man
liveth in chastity, and desireth also glory, and the Most High knoweth that it
is expedient for him, He bestoweth this 3 also upon me. How often, though she
were sick, did she come down to me at unlooked for times, 5 and listened to my
voice as I prayed! And when I heard her groanings I held my peace. For when I
was in her house she was wont to bare her arms, and breasts, and legs, that I
might lie with her; for she was very beautiful, splendidly adorned in order to
beguile me. And the Lord guarded me from her devices.
10 1, 2 Ye see, therefore, my children, how great things
patience worketh, and prayer with fasting. So ye too, if ye follow after
chastity and purity with patience and prayer, with fasting in humility of 3
heart, the Lord will dwell among you, because He loveth chastity. And
wheresoever the Most High dwelleth, even though envy, or slavery, or slander
befalleth (a man), the Lord who dwelleth in him, for the sake of his chastity
not only delivereth him from evil, but also exalteth him even as me. 4, 5 For
in every way the man is lifted up, whether in deed, or in word, or in thought.
My brethren knew how my father loved me, and yet I did not exalt myself in my
mind: although I was a child, 6 I had the fear of God in my heart; for I knew
that all things would pass away. And I did nor raise myself (against them) with
evil intent, but I honoured my brethren; and out of respect for them, even when
I was being sold, I refrained from telling the Ishmaelites that I was a son of
Jacob, a great man and a mighty.
11 1 Do ye also, my children, have the fear of God in all
your works before your eyes, and honour 2 your brethren. For every one who
doeth the law of the Lord shall be loved by Him. And when I came to the Indocolpitae
with the Ishmaelites, they asked me, saying: Art thou a slave? And 3 I said
that I was a home-born slave, that I might not put my brethren to shame. And
the eldest of them said unto me: Thou art not a slave, for even thy appearance
doth make it manifest. But 4 I said that I was their slave. Now when we came
into Egypt they strove concerning me, which of 5 them should buy me and take
me. Therefore it seemed good to all that I should remain in Egypt 6 with the
merchant of their trade, until they should return bringing merchandise. And the
Lord 7 gave me favour in the eyes of the merchant, and he entrusted unto me his
house. And God blessed 8 him by my means, and increased him in gold and silver
and in household servants. And I was with him three months and five days.
12 1 And about that time the Memphian woman, the wife of
Pentephri, came down in a chariot, with 2 great pomp, because she had heard
from her eunuchs concerning me. And she told her husband that the merchant had
become rich by means of a young Hebrew, and they say that he had assuredly 3
been stolen out of the land of Canaan. Now, therefore, render justice unto him,
and take away the youth to thy house; so shall the God of the Hebrews bless
thee, for grace from heaven is upon him.
13 1 And Pentephris was persuaded by her words, and
commanded the merchant to be brought, and said unto him: What is this that I
hear concerning thee, that thou stealest persons out of the land 2 of Canaan,
and sellest them for slaves? But the merchant fell at his feet, and besought
him, saying: 3 I beseech thee, my lord, I know not what thou sayest. And
Pentephris said unto him: Whence, then, is the Hebrew slave? And he said: The
Ishmaelites entrusted him unto me until they should return. 4 But he believed
him not, but commanded him to be stripped and beaten. And when he persisted 5
in this statement, Pentephris said: Let the youth be brought. And when I was
brought in, I did 6 obeisance to Pentephris (for he was third in rank of the
officers of Pharaoh). And he took me apart 7 from him, and said unto me: Art
thou a slave or free? And I said: A stave. And he said: 8 Whose? And I said:
The Ishmaelites. And he said: How didst thou become their slave? And 9 I said:
They bought me out of the land of Canaan. And he said unto me: Truly thou
liest; and strightway he commanded me to be stripped and beaten.
14 1 Now the Memphian woman was looking through a window at
me while I was being beaten, for her house was near, and she sent unto him
saying: Thy judgement is unjust; for thou dost punish 2 a free man who hath
been stolen, as though he were a transgressor. And when I made no change in my
statement, though I was beaten, he ordered me to be imprisoned, until, he said,
the owners 3 of the boy should come. And the woman said unto her husband:
Wherefore dost thou detain the 4 captive and well-born lad in bonds, who ought
rather to be set at liberty, and be waited upon? For 5 she wished to see me out
of a desire of sin, but I was ignorant concerning all these things. And he said
to her: It is not the custom of the Egyptians to take that which belongeth to
others before 6 proof is given. This, therefore, he said concerning the
merchant; but as for the lad, he must be imprisoned.
15 1 Now after four and twenty days came the Ishmaelites;
for they had heard that Jacob my father 2 was mourning much concerning me. And
they came and said unto me: How is it that thou saidst that thou wast a slave?
and lo, we have learnt that thou art the son of a mighty man in the land of 3
Canaan, and thy father still mourneth for thee in sackcloth and ashes. When I
heard this my bowels were dissolved and my heart melted, and I desired greatly
to weep, but I restrained myself, that I should not put my brethren to shame.
And I said unto them, I know not, I am a slave. 4, 5 Then, therefore, they took
counsel to sell me, that I should not be found in their hands. For they feared
my father, lest he [should come and] execute upon them a grievous vengeance. For
they had 6 heard that he was mighty with God and with men. Then said the
merchant unto them: Release 7 me from the judgement of Pentiphri. And they came
and requested me, saying: Say that thou wast bought by us with money, and he
will set us free.
16 1 Now the Memphian woman said to her husband: Buy the
youth; for I hear, said she, that they are selling him. 2 And straightway she
sent a eunuch to the 3 Ishmaelites, and asked them to sell me. But since the
eunuch would not agree to buy me (at their price) he returned, having made
trial of them, and he made known to his mistress that they asked a large price
for their slave. 4 And she sent another eunuch, saying: Even though they demand
two minas, give them, do not spare the gold; only buy the boy, and bring him to
me. 5 The eunuch therefore went and gave them eighty pieces of gold, and he
received me; but to the Egyptian woman he said: I have given a hundred. 6 And
though I knew (this) I held my peace, lest the eunuch should be put to shame.
17 1 Ye see, therefore, my children, what great things I
endured that I should not put my brethren to 2 shame. Do ye also, therefore
love one another, and with long-suffering hide ye one another's 3 faults. For
God delighteth in the unity of brethren, and in the purpose of a heart that
takes 4 pleasure in love. And when my brethren came into Egypt they learnt that
I had returned their 5 money unto them, and upbraided them not, and comforted
them. And after the death of Jacob my father I loved them more abundantly, and
all things whatsoever he commanded I did very 6 abundantly for them, And I
suffered them not to be afflicted in the smallest matter; and all that 7 was in
my hand I gave unto them. And their children were my children, and my children
as their servants; and their life was my life, and all their suffering was my
suffering, and all their sickness 8 was my infirmity. My land was their land,
and their counsel my counsel. And I exalted not myself among them in arrogance
because of my worldly glory, but I was among them as one of the least.
18 1 If ye also, therefore, walk in the commandments of the
Lord, my children, He will exalt you there, 2 and will bless you with good
things for ever and ever. And if any one seeketh to do evil unto you, 3 do well
unto him, and pray for him, and ye shall be redeemed of the Lord from all evil.
[For], behold, ye see that out of my humility and long -suffering I took unto
wife the daughter of the priest of Heliopolis. And a hundred talents of gold
were given me with her, and the Lord made 4 them to serve me. And He gave me
also beauty as a flower beyond the beautiful ones of Israel; and He preserved
me unto old age in strength and in beauty, because I was like in all things to
Jacob.
19 1 Hear ye, therefore, me vision which I saw. 2 I saw
twelve harts feeding. And nine of them were dispersed. Now the three were
preserved, but on the following day they also were dispersed. 3 And I saw that
the three harts became three lambs, and they cried to the Lord, and He brought
them forth into a flourishing and well watered place, yea He brought them out
of darkness into light. 4 And there they cried unto the Lord until there
gathered together unto them the nine harts, and they became as twelve sheep,
and after a little time they increased and became many 5 flocks. And after
these things I saw and behold, twelve bulls were sucking one cow, which
produced a sea of milk, and there drank thereof the twelve flocks and
innumerable herds. 6 And the horns of the fourth bull went up unto heaven and
became as a wall for the flocks, and in the midst of the two horns there grew 7
another horn. And I saw a bull calf which surrounded them twelve times, and it
became a help to the bulls wholly. 8 And I saw in the midst of the horns a
virgin [wearing a many-coloured garment, and from her] went forth a lamb; and
on his right (was as it were a lion; and) all the beasts and all the reptiles
rushed (against him), and the lamb over 9 came them and destroyed them. And the
bulls rejoiced because of him, and the cow [and the 10 harts] exulted together
with them. And these 11 things must come to pass in their season. Do ye
therefore, my children, observe the commandments of the Lord, and honour Levi
and Judah; for from them shall arise unto you [the Lamb of God, who taketh away
the sin of the world] one who saveth [all the Gentiles and] Israel. 12 For His
kingdom is an everlasting kingdom, which shall not pass away; but my kingdom
among you shall come to an end as a watcher's hammock, which after the summer
disappeareth.
20 1For I know that after my death the Egyptians will
afflict you, but God will avenge you, and will 2 bring you into that which He
promised to your fathers. But ye shall carry up my bones with you; for when my
bones are being taken up thither, the Lord shall be with you in light, and
Beliar shall be in darkness with the Egyptians. 3 And carry ye up Asenath your
mother to the Hippodrome, and near Rachel your mother bury her. 4, 5 And when
he had said these things he stretched out his feet, and died at a good old age.
And all Israel mourned for him, and all Egypt, with a great mourning. 6 And
when the children of Israel went out of Egypt, they took with them the bones of
Joseph, and they buried him in Hebron with his fathers, and the years of his
life were one hundred and ten years.
THE TESTAMENT OF
BENJAMIN, THE TWELFTH SON OF JACOB AND RACHEL
1 1 The copy of the words of Benjamin, which he commanded
his sons to observe, after he had lived 2 a hundred and twenty-five years. And
he kissed them, and said: As Isaac was born to Abraham 3 in his old age, so
also was I to Jacob. And since Rachel my mother died in giving me birth, I had
4 no milk; therefore I was suckled by Bilhah her handmaid. For Rachel remained
barren for twelve years after she had borne Joseph; and she prayed the Lord
with fasting twelve days, and she 5 conceived and bare me. For my father loved
Rachel dearly, and prayed that he might see two 6 sons born from her. Therefore
was I called Benjamin, that is, a son of days.
2 1 And when I went into Egypt, to Joseph, and my brother
recognized me, he said unto me: 2 What did they tell my father when they sold
me ? And I said unto him, They dabbled thy coat with blood and sent it, and
said: Know whether this be thy son's coat. 3 And Joseph said unto me: Even so,
brother, the Canaanite merchants stole me by force, 4 And it came to pass that
as they went on their way they concealed my garment, as though a wild beast had
met 5 me and slain me. And so his associates sold me to the Ishmaelites. 6 And
they did not lie in saying this. For he wished to conceal from me the deeds of
my brethren. And he called to him his brethren and said: 7 Do not tell my
father what ye have done unto me, but tell him 8 as I have told Benjamin. And
let the thoughts among you be such, and let not these things come to the heart
of my father.
3 1 Do ye also, therefore, my children, love the Lord God of
heaven and earth, and keep His commandments, following the example of the good
and holy man Joseph. 2 And let your mind be unto good, even as ye know me; for
he that hath his mind right seeth 3 all things rightly. Fear ye the Lord, and
love your neighbour; and even though the spirits of Beliar claim you to afflict
you with every evil, yet shall they not have dominion over you, even 4 as they
had not over Joseph my brother. How many men wished to slay him, and God
shielded him! For he that feareth God and loveth his neighbour cannot be
smitten by the spirit of 5 Beliar, being shielded by the fear of God. Nor can
he be ruled over by the device of men or beasts, for he is helped by the Lord
through the love which he hath towards his neighbour. 6 For Joseph also
besought our father that he would pray for his brethren, that the Lord would 7
not impute to them as sin whatever evil they had done unto him. And thus Jacob
cried out: My good child, thou hast prevailed over the bowels of thy father
Jacob. And he embraced him, and kissed him for two hours, saying: 8 In thee
shall be fulfilled the prophecy of heaven [concerning the Lamb of God, and Saviour
of the world], and that a blameless one shall be delivered up for lawless men,
and a sinless one shall die for ungodly men [in the blood of the covenant. for
the salvation of the Gentiles and of Israel, and shall destroy Beliar and his
servants].
4 1 See ye, therefore, my children, the end of the good man?
Be followers of his compassion, therefore, 2 with a good mind, that ye also may
wear crowns of glory. For the good man hath not 3 a dark eye; for he showeth
mercy to all men, even though they be sinners. And though they devise with evil
intent concerning him, by doing good he overcometh evil, being shielded by God:
4 and he loveth the righteous as his own soul. If any one is glorified, he
envieth him not; if any one is enriched, he is not jealous; if any one is
valiant, he praiseth him; the virtuous man he laudeth, on the poor man he hath
mercy; on the weak he hath compassion; unto God he singeth praises. 5 As for
him who hath the fear of God, he protecteth him as with a shield; him that
loveth God he helpeth; him that rejecteth the Most High he admonisheth and
turneth back; and him that hath the grace of a good spirit he loveth as his own
soul.
5 1 If, therefore, ye also have a good mind, then will both
wicked men be at peace with you, and the profligate will reverence you and turn
unto good; and the covetous will not only cease from 2 their inordinate desire,
but even give the objects of their covetousness to them that are afflicted. If
3 ye do well, even the unclean spirits will flee from you; and the beasts will
dread you. For where there is reverence for good works and light in the mind,
even darkness fleeth away from him 4 For if any one does violence to a holy
man, he repenteth; for the holy man is merciful to his reviler, and holdeth his
peace. 5 And if any one betrayeth a righteous man, the righteous man prayeth:
though for a little he be humbled, yet not long after he appeareth far more
glorious, as was Joseph my brother.
6 1 The inclination of the good man is not in the power of
the deceit of the spirit of Beliar, for the 2 angel of peace guideth his soul.
And he gazeth not passionately upon corruptible things, nor 3 gathereth
together riches through a desire of pleasure. He delighteth not in pleasure,
[he grieveth for not his neighbour], he sateth not himself with luxuries, he
erreth not in the uplifting of the eyes, 4 the Lord is his portion. The good
inclination receiveth not glory nor dishonor from men, and it knoweth not any
guile, or lie, or fighting or reviling; for the Lord dwelleth in him and
lighteth up his 5 soul, and he rejoiceth towards all men alway. The good mind
hath not two tongues, of blessing and of cursing, of contumely and of honor, of
sorrow and of joy, of quietness and of confusion, of hypocrisy and of truth,
[of poverty and of wealth]; but it hath one disposition, uncorrupt and pure,
concerning all 6 men. It hath no double sight, nor double hearing; for in
everything which he doeth, or speaketh, or 7 seeth, he knoweth that the Lord
looketh on his soul. And he cleanseth his mind that he may not be condemned by
men as well as by God. And in like manner the works of Beliar are twofold, and
there is no singleness in them.
7 1 Therefore, my children, I tell you, flee the malice of
Beliar; for he giveth a sword to them that obey him. 2 And the sword is the
mother of seven evils. First the mind conceiveth through Beliar, and first
there is bloodshed; secondly ruin; thirdly, tribulation; fourthly, exile;
fifthly, dearth; sixthly, panic; seventhly, destruction. 3 Therefore was Cain also
delivered over to seven vengeances by God, for in every hundred years the Lord
brought one plague upon him. 4 And when he was two hundred years old he began
to suffer, and in the nine-hundredth year he was destroyed. For on account of
Abel, his brother, with all the evils was he judged, but Lamech with seventy
times seven. 5 Because for ever those who are like Cain in envy and hatred of
brethren, shall be punished with the same judgment.
8 1 And do ye, my children, flee evil-doing, envy, and
hatred of brethren, and cleave to goodness 2 and love. He that hath a pure mind
in love, looketh not after a woman with a view to fornication; for he hath no
defilement in his heart, because the Spirit of God resteth upon him. 3 For as
the sun is not defiled by shining on dung and mire, but rather drieth up both
and driveth away the evil smell; so also the pure mind, though encompassed by
the defilements of earth, rather cleanseth (them) and is not itself defiled.
9 1 And I believe that there will be also evil-doings among
you, from the words of Enoch the righteous: that ye shall commit fornication
with the fornication of Sodom, and shall perish, all save a few, and shall
renew wanton deeds with women; and the kingdom of the Lord shall not be among,
you, for straightway He shall take it away. 2 Nevertheless the temple of God
shall be in your portion, and the last (temple) shall be more glorious than the
first. And the twelve tribes shall be gathered together there, and all the
Gentiles, until the Most High shall send forth His salvation in the visitation
of an only 3 begotten prophet. [And He shall enter into the [first] temple, and
there shall the Lord be treated with outrage, and He shall be lifted up upon 4
a tree. And the veil of the temple shall be rent, and the Spirit of God shall
pass on to the Gentiles 5 as fire poured forth. And He shall ascend from Hades
and shall pass from earth into heaven. And I know how lowly He shall be upon
earth, and how glorious in heaven.]
10 1 Now when Joseph was in Egypt, I longed to see his
figure and the form of his countenance; and through the prayers of Jacob my
father I saw him, while awake in the daytime, even his entire figure exactly as
he was. 2 And when he had said these things, he said unto them: Know ye,
therefore, my children, that I am dying. 3 Do ye, therefore, truth and
righteousness each one to his neighbour, and judgement unto confirmation, and
keep the law of the Lord and his commandments. 4 For these things do I leave
you instead of inheritance. Do ye also, therefore, give them to your 5 children
for an everlasting possession; for so did both Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob.
For all these things they gave us for an inheritance, saying: Keep the commandments
of God, until the Lord 6 shall reveal His salvation to all Gentiles. And then
shall ye see Enoch, Noah, and Shem, and Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, rising
on the right hand in gladness. 7 Then shall we also rise, each one over our
tribe, worshipping the King of heaven, [who appeared upon earth in the form of
a man in humility. And as many as believe on Him on the earth 8 shall rejoice
with Him]. Then also all men shall rise, some unto glory and some unto shame.
And the Lord shall judge Israel first, for their unrighteousness; [for when He
appeared as God in the flesh to deliver them they believed Him 9 not]. And then
shall He judge all the Gentiles, [as many as believed Him not when He appeared
10 upon earth]. And He shall convict Israel through the chosen ones of the
Gentiles, even as He reproved Esau through the Midianites, who deceived their
brethren, [so that they fell into fornication, and idolatry; and they were
alienated from God], becoming therefore children in the portion of them that
fear the Lord. 11 If ye therefore, my children, walk in holiness according to
the commandments of the Lord, ye shall again dwell securely with me, and all
Israel shall be gathered unto the Lord.
11 1 And I shall no longer be called a ravening wolf on
account of your ravages, but [a worker of the Lord, distributing food to them
that work what is good. 2 And there shall rise up from my seed in the latter
times one] beloved of the Lord, [hearing upon the earth His voice] and a doer
of the good pleasure of His will, [enlightening with new knowledge all the
Gentiles, even the light of knowledge, bursting in upon Israel for salvation
and tearing away from them like a wolf, and giving to the synagogue of the
Gentiles. 3 Until the consummation of the age shall he be in the synagogues of
the Gentiles, and among their 4 rulers, as a strain of music in the mouth of
all. And he shall be inscribed in the holy books, both 5 his work and his word,
and he shall be a chosen one of God for ever. And through them he shall go to
and fro as Jacob my father, saying: He shall fill up that which lacketh of thy
tribe].
12 1 And when he finished his words, he said: I command you,
my children, carry up my bones out of Egypt, and bury me at Hebron, near my 2
fathers. So Benjamin died a hundred and twenty-five years old, at a good old
age, and they 3 placed him in a coffin. And in the ninety-first year from the
entrance of the children of Israel into Egypt, they and their brethren brought
up the bones of their fathers secretly during the Canaanitish war; and they
buried them in Hebron, 4 by the feet of their fathers. And they returned from
the land of Canaan and dwelt in Egypt until the day of their departure from the
land of Egypt.
